Background: Pain has physiological and psychological effects on a child's life and various body systems. Tactile stimulation affects the central nervous system and releases analgesic drugs resulting in the inhibition of pain. Aim: The main purpose of this study was effect of touch on the intensity and duration of pain during venipuncture in school-age children. Methods: This clinical trial was ...

We collected surface ocean water, snow, grab ice, ice core, melt pond and ice-rafted sediment (IRS) from 5 stations during the Western Arctic US GEOTRACES cruise (USGCG Healy; August 10 – October 7, 2015) analyzed for 210 Po (T 1/2 = 138.4 days) Pb 22.3 years) in dissolved particulate phases (snow, seawater) to investigate Po: disequilibria these matrices. Thirteen aerosol samples, using a larg...

In this paper, we go further and propose a cosmological model-independent approach to simultaneously determine the Hubble constant cosmic curvature with strong lensing time-delay measurements, without any prior assumptions regarding content of Universe. The data use comprises recent compilation six well studied strongly lensed quasars, while chronometer are utilized reconstruct distances via co...

The detailed mineralogical and microgeochemical characteristics of polymetallic nodules collected from the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM, Szczecin, Poland) claim area, Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ, Pacific) were described in this study. obtained data applied for delimitation nodule growth generations estimation ratios (back-stripping using Co-chronometer method). met...

Geochronology aims to establish the age of rocks, minerals, and geological events including fluid movement and mineralization, within a specific degree of uncertainty, using signatures inherent in the rocks themselves. Absolute dating is only accomplished through the use of naturally-occurring radioactive isotopes found within geological samples. The U–Th–Pb isotopic system is the benchmark for...

Sir Christopher Wren is widely acknowledged as a key individual in the formation of the Royal Society, a society initially advocated ‘for the promotion of physicomathematical experimental learning’. Many people would not be surprised to learn that England’s most famous architect was a driving force behind the Royal Society. But most people would not know that Wren was at that time an astronomer...

BACKGROUND In recent decades, the increasing crowdedness of the emergency departments has posed various problems for patients and healthcare systems worldwide. These problems include prolonged hospital stay, patient dissatisfaction and nurse burnout or job dissatisfaction. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emergency department (ED) nurses' job specialization on...