BACKGROUND Awareness and use of electronic cigarettes has rapidly increased among U.S. adults. The aim of this study was to examine awareness and likeability of e-cigarette print advertisements in a national sample of young adults and to examine ad likeability as a correlate of intended e-cigarette use among never e-cigarette users. METHODS Participants (n = 2110, unweighted) of the Truth Ini...

Ten symptomless smokers were switched from their usual cigarette to a low tar, low nicotine test cigarette for two weeks to investigate their immediate response and subsequent acclimatisation to the test cigarette. The tar (T) and nicotine (N) yields of the test cigarettes were T = 3.8 mg, N = 0.6 mg; the median yields of the usual cigarettes were T = 16.4 mg, N = 1.4 mg. The subjects were moni...

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoking remains a global health epidemic with associated detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system. In this work, we investigated the effects of cigarette smoke exposure on cardiovascular system in an animal model. The study then evaluated the effects of antioxidants (AO), represent...

Tobacco price increases, such as through taxation, are an effective strategy to reduce smoking prevalence, however this strategy is undermined by both discount and contraband tobacco.1 The discount cigarette market has grown substantially since 2003, with discount cigarettes selling for approximately $10-15 less per carton than premium brands.2 The illegal sale of contraband cigarettes has beco...

BACKGROUND Chronic electronic (e) cigarette users have increased resting cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress. The purpose of the present study is to determine the role of nicotine versus non-nicotine constituents in e-cigarette emissions in causing these pathologies in otherwise healthy humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-three healthy volunteers...

OBJECTIVE There is little evidence on the consequences of using electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) in adolescence. With a multiethnic sample of non-smokers, we assessed the relation between e-cigarette use and social-cognitive factors that predict smoking of combustible cigarettes. METHODS School-based cross-sectional survey of 2309 high school students (mean age 14.7 years). Participants re...

BACKGROUND Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may help cigarette smokers quit smoking, yet they may also facilitate cigarette smoking for never-smokers. We quantify the balance of health benefits and harms associated with e-cigarette use at the population level. METHODS AND FINDINGS Monte Carlo stochastic simulation model. Model parameters were drawn from census counts, national health and ...

Cigarette combustion has the potential to generate over 7000 chemicals, majority of which are reactive free radicals that known trigger pro-inflammatory and carcinogenic responses. Numerous contemporary investigations have proposed pathophysiological cellular mechanisms underlying release extracellular vesicles (EVs) in response cigarette smoke (CS) may serve as pathways for CS-induced pathogen...

introduction: noise, as the most common pollutant in the industrial environment, can lead to hearing loss and negatively affect other organs such as the cardiovascular system. cigarette smoking is a popular habit among some workers, and can also have a negative effect on the cardiovascular system. this study aimed to investigate the effect of simultaneous exposure to noise and cigarette smoke o...