zinc is the first modelling language which supports solver and technique independence. this means that a high level conceptual model can be automatically mapped into an appropriate low level design model for a specific solver or technique. to date, zinc uses three different techniques to solve a model: constraint programming (cp), local search (ls), and mixed integer programming (mip). in this ...

The most important variables for the clinical use of antitumor agents (AAs) are dose and combination chemotherapy. The objectives of this study were to analyze the relationship between these two variables and to propose a unified conceptual framework for the construct and interpretation of clinical trials. Definitions and variables with respect to dose include potency, therapeutic index, standa...

In the past decade efforts to develop spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) have migrated from the initial “top-down” national approaches to “bottom-up” and cross jurisdictional efforts at the sub-national level. Although national SDI developments are fundamental to building the SDI culture and policy, it is sub-national and local SDI development that will deliver the immediate benefits to citize...

This article describes a research project that realised a national standard for 3D geo-information. The standard was developed as part of a pilot in which more than 65 private, public and scientific organisations collaborated to analyse and push 3D developments in the Netherlands (run between March 2010 and June 2011). The 3D standard was established through several steps. Firstly a comparison ...

in this research, to considering the theoretical background of the research andmodel of organizational justice, ten items were designed; then, thirty-two variableswere extracted. finally, the matching variables with model of organizational justicewere performed. the proposed model was designed according to the extractionvariables and their matching. to structural and conceptual validation, the ...