Speakers may use pitch accents as pointers to new information, or as signals of a contrast relation between the accented item and a limited set of alternatives. There is no consensus in the literature whether a separately identi able contrastive accent exists. Some studies report that contrastive accents are more emphatic than newness accents and have a di erent melodic shape. In other studies,...

contrastive rhetorical analysis as a way of understanding different ways through which writers from various cultural backgrounds shape their discourse was officially initiated by the works of kaplan (1966). this study tries to use the methodology to investigate the news reports in two american and iranian widely published newspapers. using the analytical methodologies of contrastive rhetoric an...

Urdu/Hindi has SOV default word order and an immediately preverbal default focus position [1, 2]. When focus is syntactically determined relative to the verb, verb focus is difficult to realize by position. We were therefore interested in the interplay between syntax and prosody with respect to verb focus in languages such as Urdu/Hindi and investigated the prosody associated with verb focus in...

This study examines the visual cues to prosodic contrastive focus in Hexagonal French and their role in visual speech perception. Two audiovisual corpora were recorded (from two male native speakers of French) consisting of sentences with a subject-verb-object (SVO) syntactic structure. Four conditions were studied: focus on each phrase (S,V,O) and broad focus. The corpora were first acoustical...

(1) can be uttered as part of a ”strategy of inquiry” (Roberts 1998, 4) where it is under discussion what members of a contextually given set of people wanted to see. It reports on Sandy’s wishes as opposed to those of the other members of the set. The felicity of this sentence under these circumstances can be made to follow from the assumption that the content of What Sandy wanted to see is th...

The present study aimed to explore learners’ perceptions while using Google Translate (GT) during online English-Writing lessons and evaluate its effectiveness on English writing skills. Online questionnaires individual interviews were used collect self-reported opinions from 24 Vietnamese students. Learner samples the 12-week session also collected in order identify possible improvements writi...

Suppose that Ann says, “Keith knows that the bank will be open tomorrow.” Her audience may well agree. Her knowledge ascription may seem true. But now suppose that Ben—in a different context—also says “Keith knows that the bank will be open tomorrow.” His audience may well disagree. His knowledge ascription may seem false. Indeed, a number of philosophers have claimed that people’s intuitions a...

Recently the deep learning has shown its advantage in representation and clustering for time series data. Despite considerable progress, existing approaches mostly seek to train neural network by some instance reconstruction based or cluster distribution objective, which, however, lack ability exploit sample-wise (or augmentation-wise) contrastive information even higher-level (e.g., cluster-le...