Advocates for pasture-based dairying argue that this dairy production system requires less capital and labor resources than conventional, confinement-based, dairy systems. These reduced resource needs are supposed to translate into higher profits because lower use of capital and labor means lower production costs. Data for Wisconsin dairies obtained in 2000 as a part of the Agricultural Resourc...

ABSTRACT-In conventional agriculture, a large amount of energy is consumed in fuel consumption and depreciation of farm tractors and any other farm equipment mostly in tillage and planting operations. The main purpose of this research was to evaluate a till-planting unit equipped with three jointers. This unit was expected to act as conventional furrow openers such as shovel openers tilling the...

different manufacturing enterprises use regularly scheduling algorithms in order to help meeting demands over time and reducing operational costs. nowadays, for a better useofresources and manufacturingin accordance withcustomer needs and given the level ofcompetitionbetweencompanies, employing asuitablescheduling programhasa double importance. conventional productionmethods are constantly subs...

The ceramic tile manufacturing process uses a lot of energy, mainly thermal and to lesser extent electric energy. Total energy costs account for between 50% 55% average direct costs. Fossil fuel combustion, such as natural gas produces carbon dioxide emission. Therefore, consumption emissions issues are vitally important both environmental effects in manufacturing. wet granule production system...

in order to implement the cellular manufacturing system in practice, some essential factors should be taken into account. in this paper, a new mathematical model for cellular manufacturing system considering different production factors including alternative process routings and machine reliability with stochastic arrival and service times in a dynamic environment is proposed. also because of t...

In this paper, a new roofing system is introduced, which is constructued using the precast composite sandwich panels. This roofing sandwich panels system consists of three kinds of precast concrete sandwich panels including capital panels, beam or between columns panels, and slab or middle panels. The panels are composed of three layers; A high strength reinforced concrete top layer. A thick la...