Background: The post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common complication in spinal anesthesia. Headache may occure seven days after dural puncture. The headache may be worsened in sitting position and be better in supine position. PDPH is common in younger and tall people. The incidence rate of PDPH related to the size of spinal needle and the number of try and decrease with small, cutting ...

Arterial reservoir ("windkessel") function, whereby a part of left ventricular (LV) output is stored in elastic arteries during systole and discharged in diastole, is a well-established physiological phenomenon. However, its role in rapid reversal (to left-to-right) and a systolic-to-diastolic shift of shunting across the ductus arteriosus after birth is unknown. To address this question, ducta...

CONTEXT Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis during elective cesarean delivery at term to reduce postoperative maternal infectious morbidity is generally used but may not be effective on the basis of the available data. Also, the optimal timing of prophylactic antibiotic administration is unclear. OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of cefazolin administered before skin incision vs cefazol...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of early or late clamping of the umbilical cord in term newborns, assessing the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and ferritin, and their correlation with some of the complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective study of healthy newborns at term or born by dystotic or eutocic delivery in our hospital between May 2009 until May 2010. Patients were assigned ...

Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is a birth brain injury that precedes the development of Cerebral Palsy (CP). Visualized on MRI scanning, the lesions of HIE are infarcts resulting from deficient generalized perfusion of brain tissue. Birth asphyxia/hypoxia is the widely assumed cause of this brain injury, however, HIE may occur without significant hypoxia. Hypovolemia/hypovolemic shock, i...