Software effort and cost estimation has turned out to be the major challenge in IT industries. In this paper, different software effort and cost estimation techniques like algorithmic methods, expert judgment, analogy based estimation and soft computing methods and their various aspects are discussed. Software effort estimation is followed by cost assessment that is useful for both customers an...

To simplify complicated traditional cost estimation flow, this study emphasizes the cost estimation approach for plastic injection products and molds. It is expected designers and R&D specialists can consider the competitiveness of product cost in the early stage of product design to reduce product development time and cost resulting from repetitive modification. Therefore, the proposed cost es...

Estimating the cost of software is a complex process for almost all engineering companies. Uncertainties about development method, design, estimation process, data, and processing affect the accuracy of estimation. Underestimation results in fewer resources being committed than the project really needs, an unrealistic schedule, and low quality outputs. On the other hand, overestimation wastes r...

Information systems (IS) projects are famous for experiencing severe cost overruns, which amongst others are often caused by inaccurate ex-ante cost estimations. Against this background, this article presents a descriptive case study located in an IS transformation program at a major German financial services provider. In this case study, a multi-stage cost estimation process, which was applied...