Immune cells of the myeloid lineage are key players in skin wound healing, since they secrete various cytokines and growth factors that orchestrate the repair process. In addition, they are crucial for the defense against invading pathogens through their capacity to produce high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To limit the toxicity of ROS, cells have developed antioxidant defense strat...

Cytopathic effects (CPEs) in mosquito cells are generally trivial compared to those that occur in mammalian cells, which usually end up undergoing apoptosis during dengue virus (DENV) infection. However, oxidative stress was detected in both types of infected cells. Despite this, the survival of mosquito cells benefits from the upregulation of genes related to antioxidant defense, such as gluta...

It was reported that host defense against pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection requires IL-22, which was proposed to be of T cell origin. Supporting a role for IL-22, we found that Il22(-/-) mice had decreased survival compared with wild-type mice after intratracheal infection with K. pneumoniae. Surprisingly, however, Rag2(-/-) mice did not differ from wild-type mice in survival or levels...

T HE CIRCULATING MONOCYTE, a precursor of the widespread phagocytic system of tissue macrophages, has been used as a tool for studying in vitro aspects of endocytosis, host defense, and myelopoietic regulation.’ The tendency of sessile monocytes to differentiate into macrophages, epithelioid cells, and multinucleated giant cells has been observed both in vivo2 and in The resultant morphological...

Abstract Using RNA antisense purification and mass spectrometry, we identified more than 100 human proteins that directly specifically bind SARS-CoV-2 in infected cells. To gain insights into the functions of selected interactors, applied genetic perturbation pharmacological inhibition experiments, mapped contact sites on viral RNA. This led to identification host dependency factors defense str...

to recognize and introduce the excellence works in the field of holy defense, the holy defense book festival is held yearly by bonyad-e hefz-e asar va arzshha-ye defae moqaddas. of the 2563 works published during the years 2011 to 2013, 9 titles from the publications of the center for holy defense documentation and research have nominated and commended to the jury to be rewarded or appreciated ...

The role of zinc (Zn) in enhancing defense capacity of several plants against salinity has been demonstrated but there is limited information on the impact of Zn nutrition on alleviating salinity-induced oxidative damage in olive. One-year-old seedlings of two varieties of olive (Olea europaea L. cvs. Frontoio and Conservolea) supplied with three Zn levels (0, 1 and 5 mM in the form of ZnSO4.7H...

NK cells provide important host defense against viruses and can differentiate into self-renewing memory NK cells after infection, alloantigen stimulation, and cytokine stimulation. In this study, we investigated the role of the IL-33 receptor ST2 in the differentiation of NK cells during mouse CMV (MCMV) infection. Although ST2-deficient (Il1rl1 (-/-)) Ly49H(+) NK cells develop normally and dif...