An important aspect in recycling and reuse for environmentally conscious manufacturing is disassembly. Although disassembly systems contain the same basic elements as assembly systems, the disassembly problem differs significantly from the assembly problem due to the fact that the incoming disassembly product is not controlled. In addition, complete dismantling of products is not necessarily re...

The supramolecular self-assembly and disassembly that are responsive to external stimuli are of critical importance to the design and synthesis of functional supramolecular materials. In this work, we performed a coarse-grained molecular dynamics study of photo-controlled assembly and disassembly on a timescale of ten microseconds. The spontaneous assembly of cis-AzoC10, trans-AzoC10, and cis-A...

In this paper, we propose a rate-optimized motion estimation based on a “true” motion tracker. We observe that piecewise continuous motion field reduces the bit rate for differentially encoded motion vectors. Hence, a neighborhood relaxation method is proposed. In addition, in current MPEG-4 video VM, each video-object-plane (VOP) is individually coded by a block-based approach. The bit rate ca...

BACKGROUND Diabetic foot disease (DFD) is a major challenge for the healthcare system, with enormous economic consequences for people living with diabetes, their families, and society, affecting both quality of life and quality of care. The study aim was to assess the level of awareness of DFD amongst patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS An observational descriptive cross-se...

Post-silicon debugging process is aimed at locating errors that concealed themselves during the process of pre-silicon verification. Although in the post-silicon validation engineers can exploit the high speed of hardware prototype to exercise huge amount of test vectors, low level of real-time observability and controllability of signals inside the prototype is too big an issue. Various Design...

The azaquinone-methide elimination is a powerful and efficient reaction useful for disassembly of spacers in prodrug systems. We and others have used the spacer-technique to develop dendritic and polymeric self-immolative molecular systems that can disassemble through a domino-like mechanism upon a stimulus event. In this report, we study the disassembly of a system that can disintegrate throug...

This paper presents an efficient technique for determining a low-cost disassembly sequence suitable to extract a subset of s components from an assembly containing n components, e of which are exterior ( ). The most efficient solution to this so-called geometric selective disassembly problem is the wave propagation algorithm, which is reported to have a computational complexity of . Instead, th...