Risk analysis in complex systems must cope with sophisticated threats arising from attackers exploiting security loopholes, or a chain of accidental events triggered by some environmental incident. A security model for complex IT systems, termed the ISM (Information Security Model) stores system and risk information in a database. Associated software uses the database information to develop thr...

Volcanic Risk Ranking (VRR) methods have been developed worldwide as a way to hierarchize the volcanic systems and help target strategies for risk reduction. Such hierarchization is especially important in areas characterized by large number of active volcanoes but limited resources. This case Latin America, where populations live nearby almost 300 volcanoes. Here we assess America with at leas...

Objectives: This study was conducted to compare the predictive power of Shock Index (SI), TIMI Risk (TRI), LASH Score, and ACEF Score for prediction in-hospital mortality in a contemporary cohort ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at tertiary care cardiac center developing country.
 Methodology: Consecutiv...

Background Homeless people are at high risk of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) infection due to living in poor sanitary conditions and practicing high-risk behavior. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of homeless people in Tehran regarding TB and HIV.   Methods Using a convenience sampling, we performed a cross-sectional study on homeless people in Tehran f...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between calcification in tibial arteries, the degree of limb ischemia, and the near-term risk of amputation. BACKGROUND Determining the amputation risk in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains difficult. Developing new measures to identify patients who are at high risk for amputation would allow for target...

BACKGROUND Handling the growing epidemic of coronary heart disease in developing nations hinges on primary prevention, which logistically requires directing preventive interventions to those at the highest risk. Therefore, implementing cardiovascular risk assessment profiles is crucial to distinguish high risk groups who truly need extensive preventive measures. We aimed to draw a picture of th...

The employment of damage mitigation measures by individuals is an important component of integrated flood risk management. In order to promote efficient damage mitigation measures, accurate estimates of their damage mitigation potential are required. That is, for correctly assessing the damage mitigation measures’ effectiveness from survey data, one needs to control for sources of bias. A biase...

background over the past years, the malaria elimination program has considerably decreased the malaria indigenous cases and confined their incidence to the southeastern areas of iran encompassing 28 less developed counties with favorable transmission conditions. objectives the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of climatic and socioeconomic indicators on malaria transmission and to...