In this paper, the solution of linear second order equations with fuzzy initialvalues are investigated. The analytic general solutions of them using a rstsolution is founded. The parametric form of fuzzy numbers to solve the secondorder equations is applied. The solutions are searched in four cases. Finallythe example is got to illustrate more and the solutions are shown in gures forfour cases.

where f ∈ C(J ×R×R,R) and α∈ C(J , J) (e.g., αmay be defined by α(t)=√t, T ≥ 1 or α(t)= 0.7t, t ∈ J). Moreover, r and γ are fixed real numbers. Differential equations with deviated arguments arise in a variety of areas of biological, physical, and engineering applications, see, for example, [9, Chapter 2]. The monotone iterative method is useful to obtain approximate solutions of nonlinear diff...

The main purposes of this article are to extend our previous results on homogeneous sprays [15] to arbitrary secondorder differential equations, to show that locally diffeomorphic exponential maps can be defined for any of them, and to give a (possibly nonlinear) covariant derivative for any (possibly nonlinear) connection. In the process, we introduce vertically homogeneous connections. Unlike...

2. General Remarks Second order ODEs are much harder to solve than first order ODEs. First of all, a second order linear ODE has two linearly independent solutions and a general solution is a linear combination of these two solutions. In addition, many popular second order ODEs have singular points. Except for a few cases, the solutions have no simple mathematical expression. However, there is ...