Angiosperm diversification has been associated with plant-animal interactions such as seed dispersal and pollination and life-history characters such as rapid growth and fast reproduction. This paper relates a life-history character (age at maturity) to woody angiosperm diversification. Here I present a comparative analysis of data drawn from the literature, indicating that time to first reprod...

In many approaches to recommendation diversification, a recommender scores items for relevance and then re-ranks them to balance relevance with diversity. In intent-aware diversification, diversity is formulated in terms of coverage of aspects, where aspects are either explicit such as movie genres or implicit such as the latent factors found during matrix factorization. Typically, the same set...

This paper investigates the valuation effects of corporate international diversification by examining cross-border mergers and acquisitions of U.S. acquirers over the period 1990-1999. We find that, on average, acquisitions of “fairly valued” foreign business units do not lead to value discounts. Consistent with the industrial diversification discount literature, unrelated cross-border acquisit...

Previous analyses of relations, divergence times, and diversification patterns among extant mammalian families have relied on supertree methods and local molecular clocks. We constructed a molecular supermatrix for mammalian families and analyzed these data with likelihood-based methods and relaxed molecular clocks. Phylogenetic analyses resulted in a robust phylogeny with better resolution tha...

This paper argues that in environments that exhibit non-convexities, risk diversification by financial institutions may be socially inefficient. To this end, we study a stylized, micro-founded model in which individual banks have an incentive to hold diversified portfolios in order to minimize the likelihood of bank runs. Yet, at the same time, diversification may increase the aggregate risk fa...

Executive summary. Time diversification, the phrase used to refer to the concept that investments in stocks are less risky over longer periods than shorter ones, has been the subject of spirited debate for decades. While the foundation of the time diversification debate was laid much earlier, three works published successively in 1994—Mark Kritzman’s article “What Practitioners Need to Know . ....

vermicomposting, or using worms along with bacteria and fungi to recycle agricultural and organic wastes into nutrient-rich bio-fertilizer, has a variety of uses including protecting plants from disease. through semi-structured in-person interviews, vermicompost practitioners across kermanshah province of iran were surveyed to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (swo...