Today’s rapidly changing global political climate is significantly impacting the military strategies of Free World countries. Important decisions are being made regarding each country’s defense and military equipment needs. Regardless of these ongoing political changes, however, the threat of nuclear weaponry use remains a viable possibility. As long as a first-strike capability exists, radiati...

Since the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) was first described by Harden and Gleeson1 in 1979, it has become a valuable tool that is increasingly used in the assessment of clinical skills at health sciences faculties. Its popularity can be attributed partly to the fact that the OSCE is one of the few available options for the assessment of “shows how” (performance) as categorise...

Springback is one of the most common and important issues in metal forming area. Due to the fact that springback depends on a variety of parameters, it is hard to predict. Hence, in this paper, the effect of continuum damage mechanics (CDM) on springback was investigated based on the Lemaitre isotropic unified damage law. Swift’s hardening law was employed to describe isotropic hardening behavi...

In the present article, a new method for the determination of the hardening law using the load displacement curve, F–h, of a spherical indentation test is developed. This method is based on the study of the error between an experimental indentation curve and a number of finite elements simulation curves. For the smaller values of these errors, the error distribution shape is a valley, which is ...

This paper investigates the influence of drilling process on an aluminum 2024-T351 part in terms surface integrity and fatigue strength. Two processes (axial; orbital) are considered. The is studied through roughness measurements, microstructure hardening analysis residual stress assessment. An innovative Hole Opening Comparative Technique set up to assess state. Fatigue tests conducted with op...

The mechanisms of dislocation intersection and strain hardening in fcc crystals are examined with emphasis on the process of junction formation and destruction. Large-scale 3D simulations of dislocation dynamics were performed yielding access for the first time to statistically averaged quantities. These simulations provide a parameter-free estimate of the dislocation microstructure strength an...

Recent measurements of cosmic rays by various experiments have found that the energy spectrum of cosmic rays is harder in the TeV region than at GeV energies. The origin of the spectral hardening is not clearly understood. In this paper, we discuss the possibility that the spectral hardening might be due to the effect of re-acceleration of cosmic rays by weak shocks associated with old supernov...

The temperature dependence of phonon excitations and the presence of spin-phonon coupling in polycrystalline Pr(2)NiMnO(6) samples were studied using micro-Raman spectroscopy and magnetometry. Magnetic properties show a single ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic transition at 228 K and a saturation magnetization close to 4.95 µ(B)/f.u. Three distinct Raman modes at 657, 642, and 511 cm( - 1) are obse...

The influence of Na on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells was investigated. A gradient profile of the Na in the CIGS absorber layer can induce an electric field modulation and significantly strengthen the back surface field effect. This field modulation originates from a grain growth model introduced by a combination of alloy-hardening and pair-annihilation probabilities, wherein the Cu supply and...

Very high strain hardening coefficients (=G/23) are observed for aluminum-alloyed face-centered cubic Hadfield steel single crystals under tensile loading. Alloying with aluminum suppressed deformation twinning in two of the three crystallographic orientations studied, and transmission electron microscopy results revealed the existence of dense dislocation walls (sheets) along crystallographic ...