PURPOSE To develop a method for evaluating viscosity and elasticity of the cornea and to examine the effect that both properties have on hysteresis. METHODS A three-component spring and dashpot model was created in Simulink in Matlab to represent the purely elastic and viscoelastic behavior of the cornea during a measurement using device called an ocular response analyzer (ORA). Values for el...

in this paper robust pid control of fully-constrained cable driven parallel manipulators with elastic cables is studied in detail. in dynamic analysis, it is assumed that the dominant dynamics of cable can be approximated by linear axial spring. to develop the idea of control for cable robots with elastic cables, a robust pid control for cable driven robots with ideal rigid cables is firstly de...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Severe rotation of tooth is one of the most common problems in orthodontics and considered as a developmental phenomenon. These rotations can cause cosmetic problems, gingival recession, and traumatic occlusion. By using removable appliances, severe rotations can be treated. Furthermore, gingival damage, tooth attrition, and transposition of other teeth could be prevented. E...

UNLABELLED The Inman Aligner is a highly effective and unique evolution of the traditional spring retainer that uses super-elastic Nickel-Titanium open coil springs to move upper and lower anterior teeth with light but consistent forces, enabling correction of anterior crowding, rotations and some types of spacing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This article describes the appliance, its uses and limitati...

This contribution presents the control of a certain kind of mechanical systems based on energy considerations. The plants under investigation are underactuated lumped and distributed parameter systems, which consist of two masses and an elastic element. After a brief introduction of the used mathematical objects, the proposed controller design method is applied to a simple introductory example ...

This research presents, buckling and free vibration analysis of fiber metal-laminated (FML) plates on a total and partial elastic foundation using the generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM). The partial foundation consists of multi-section Winkler and Pasternak type elastic foundation. Taking into consideration the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), FML plate is modeled and...

A modification of the nudged elastic band method for finding minimum energy paths is presented. One of the images is made to climb up along the elastic band to converge rigorously on the highest saddle point. Also, variable spring constants are used to increase the density of images near the top of the energy barrier to get an improved estimate of the reaction coordinate near the saddle point. ...

The basement membrane (BM) and extracellular matrix (ECM) play critical roles in developmental and cancer biology, and are of great interest in biomathematics. We introduce a model of mechanical cell-BM-ECM interactions that extends current (visco)elastic models (e.g. [8,16]), and connects to recent agent-based cell models (e.g. [2,3,20,26]). We model the BM as a linked series of Hookean spring...

Inspired by elastic energy storage and return in tendons of human leg muscle-tendon units (MTU), exoskeletons often place a spring in parallel with an MTU to assist the MTU. However, this might perturb the normally efficient MTU mechanics and actually increase active muscle mechanical work. This study tested the effects of elastic parallel assistance on MTU mechanics. Participants hopped with a...

The outward tethering forces exerted by the lung parenchyma on the airways embedded within it are potent modulators of the ability of the airway smooth muscle to shorten. Much of our understanding of these tethering forces is based on treating the parenchyma as an elastic continuum; yet, on a small enough scale, the lung parenchyma in two dimensions would seem to be more appropriately described...