Modern portfolio theory is based on the relationship between risk and return and in this paper, specific uncertainty conditions are introduced as ambiguity which affects the asset pricing. Also, the relationship between risk, ambiguity and return is examined. First, ambiguity is estimated by the means of three-variable and main component method, trading volume, ask-bid spread, error of earnings...

A salt metathesis reaction is a chemical process involving the exchange of bonds between two reacting chemical species, which results in the creation of products with similar or identical bonding affiliations. Hyperstructure theory is studied from the theoretical point of view and for its applications. In this paper, we provide some examples of hyperstructures associated with salt m...

The influence of diaphragmatic position on abnormal gas exchange has been examined to investigate the theory that the impairment in gas exchange in anaesthetized man is caused by disturbance of diaphragmatic mechanics, resulting in abnormalities of dependent lung ventilation. A gas exchange abnormality, probably caused by airway closure in the dependent regions of the lung, was induced in anaes...

This paper addresses the issue of achieving energy efficiency in heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets). The use of sleep control strategy and distance based energy requirement enables us to achieve optimized energy efficiency. The proposed system connects to the problem of heterogeneity and finds solution to the balance in terms of communication distance based energy requirement, the networ...

This paper is about how firms choose products. Product changes are frequent events at US manufacturing plants. Over two thirds of surviving plants add and/or drop at least one product every five years. We develop a theoretical model that integrates endogenous product choice into a dynamic analysis of industry evolution with entry and exit and heterogeneous firms. In equilibrium, firm productivi...

Voting tools in Group Support Systems (GSS) have been considered valuable assets in groups’ decision processes. One important aspect of voting is the method of conducting the vote. Research in Social Choice Theory (SCT) has shown that different voting methods can lead to different voting outcomes. However, SCT seldom addresses how a voting method affects decision making processes. Voting method...

Realistic considerations of certain stochastic service systems often warrant the introduction of random changes in the intensity of the input process. A typical example of a changing arrival rate system is a communicat ion network with a sudden unpredictable increase in the traffic due to an external phenomenon. Such a situation can occur in a telephone network where a switching exchange node h...

Most approximate exchange-correlation functionals used within density-functional theory are constructed as the sum of two distinct contributions for exchange and correlation. Separating the exchange component from the entire functional is useful since, for exchange, exact relations exist under uniform density scaling and spin scaling. In the past, accurate exchange-correlation potentials have b...