This paper is concerned with the null distribution of the likelihood ratio statistic for testing the equality of variances of q nonnormal populations. It is known that the null distribution of this statistic converges to w q 1 under normality. We extend this result by obtaining an asymptotic expansion under general conditions. Numerical accuracies are studied for some approximations of the perc...

BACKGROUND National and regional aboveground biomass (AGB) estimates are generally computed based on standing stem volume estimates from forest inventories and default biomass expansion factors (BEFs). AGB estimates are converted to estimates of belowground biomass (BGB) using default root-to-shoot ratios (R/S). Thus, BEFs and R/S are not estimated in ordinary forest inventories, which results ...

A 1/L-expansion for percolation problems is proposed, where L is the lattice finite length. The square lattice with 27 different sizes L = 18, 22, . . . 1594 is considered. Certain spanning probabilities were determined by Monte Carlo simulations, as continuous functions of the site occupation probability p. We estimate the critical threshold pc by applying the quoted expansion to these data. A...

The role of negative compressibility is considered in detail. Experimental observations of negative bulk modulus in prestrained foam are presented and interpreted. A constrained microscopic model which exhibits negative compressibility is proposed. Some other negative and counterintuitive properties of matter, like negative Poisson’s ratio, negative thermal expansion, negative specific heat, an...

The Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF) and the Root-to-Shoot Ratio (R) are variables used to quantify carbon stock in forests. They are often considered as constant or species/area specific values in most studies. This study aimed at showing tree size and age dependence upon BEF and R and proposed equations to improve forest biomass and carbon stock. Data from 70 sample Pinus spp. grown in southern...

We study intermediate–z SNe Ia using the empirical physical diagrams which enable to learn about those SNe explosions. This information can be very useful to reduce systematic uncertainties of the Hubble diagram of SNe Ia up to high z. The study of the expansion velocities and the measurement of the ratio R(Si ii) allow to subtype SNe Ia as done in nearby samples. The evolution of this ratio as...

An asymptotic expansion of a ratio of products of gamma functions is derived. It generalizes a formula which was stated by Dingle, first proved by Paris, and recently reconsidered by Olver.

− Static expansion systems are used to generate known pressures in the high and medium vacuum range. In these systems the volume ratios are the crucial parameters and have to be determined very accurately. For this task different methods can be used. We have used the gas accumulation method with a dead weight pressure balance, a force-balanced piston gauge (FPG) and a differential pressure tran...

For a service provider facing stochastic demand growth, expansion lead times and economies of scale complicate the expansion timing and sizing decisions. We formulate a model to minimize the infinite horizon expected discounted expansion cost under a service level constraint. The service level is defined as the proportion of demand over an expansion cycle that is satisfied by available capacity...

Background and purpose: Transverse problems in the maxilla (high arched- narrow hard plates) can cause respiratory disorders. Palatal expansion can be helpful in this way. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of bone borne expansion and tooth borne palatal expansion on airway volume. Materials and methods: A review study was performed by search in Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Em...