BACKGROUND Usually the training set of online brain-computer interface (BCI) experiment is small. For the small training set, it lacks enough information to deeply train the classifier, resulting in the poor classification performance during online testing. METHODS In this paper, on the basis of Z-LDA, we further calculate the classification probability of Z-LDA and then use it to select the ...

—We estimated the length and age of maturation in little skate Leucoraja erinacea and winter skate L. ocellata based on samples of 1,884 little skate and 1,153 winter skate ovaries collected from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, to Georges Bank. Two levels of maturity were recognized: onset maturity, which marks the onset of the allocation of energy from somatic growth to reproduction; and ‘‘func...

Background: Tannase can be obtained from the various sources for example tannin rich plants; however microbial sources are preferred for industrial production. In microbial sources, the Aspergillus and Penicillium genus and lactic acid bacteria mostly produce tannase. However, it has been identified that this enzyme is produced by many fungi and bacteria, but research...

Lingzhen Guo,1,2 Arne Grimsmo,3 Anton Frisk Kockum,4,1 Mikhail Pletyukhov,5 and Göran Johansson1 1Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience (MC2), Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden 2Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany 3Institut quantique and Département de Physique, Université de Sherbrook...

where (a) because that E and Tr are both linear operators and Tr[E[ZZ ]] is certain positive number which is independent on the optimization variables, then this term can be replaced by another positive constant Tr[EZ[Z ]EZ[Z]]. Based on the equivalence between (13) and (14), we can apply the result shown in [28, Lemma 2]. Since the constraint set is polyhedral in the formulation (3), the linea...

The essential matrix, first introduced by Longuet-Higgins [5], is a 3× 3 matrix encoding the relative pose information between two views. Conventional approaches for relative pose estimation is to solve a system of linear equations. The 5-pt algorithm [6] is the current state-of-the-art algorithm in relative pose estimation. It is a minimal-set direct solver which solves the essential matrix as...

Effective policing in a democratic society must balance the sometime conflicting objectives of public safety and community trust. This paper uses a formal model of optimal policing to explore how society might reasonably resolve the tension between these two objectives as well as evaluate disparate racial impacts. We do so by considering the social benefits and costs of confrontational types of...