Around 75% of civilians have experienced at least one traumatic event in their lives, and this number is considerably higher in many parts of the world, as well as in military veterans and first responders. Of those exposed to trauma, 15-25% will develop Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).  PTSD extracts enormous economic, health, and quality of life cost. Thus, it is critical to underst...

This paper examines the contribution of consumption share to GDP from 1970 2019 assess how income groups contributed share's stability, as well factors influencing its path and policy implications. Because dependent variable is expressed in percentages not normally distributed, Beta regression finite mixed model best tool for detecting latent groups. We used Robust standard error ensure stabili...

Fear of childbirth is an important and prevalent problem during pregnancy and delivery. Self-efficacy of childbirth is one of the factors playing an important role in the fear of delivery. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the fear and self-efficacy of childbirth during labor in primipara women. This descriptive and analytical study was conducted on 100 primipara women in O...

F ROM THE 1930S, Japanese psychiatrist Morita characterized Taijin kyofusho (TKS) as phobia of blushing and being ashamed. Kasahara redefined TKS as a type of neurosis that includes excessive anxiety and tension in social situations and withdrawing from interpersonal relationships. He also reported that there can be severe, almost delusional cases. Nagata later developed diagnostic criteria for...

during the last two decades, extensive researches have been done on body image in adolescents. several psychological factors can affect fear or satisfaction of body image. the present study aims to investigate the role of predicting self-esteem about fear of body image in adolescents emphasizing social anxiety as a mediator variable. the present study is cross-sectional and correlational. the s...