This study introduces the free vibration analysis of multilayered symmetric sandwich Timoshenko beams, made of functionally graded materials with two edge cracked, using the finite element method and linear elastic fracture mechanic theory. The FG beam consists of 50 layers, located symmetrically to the neutral plane, whose material properties distribution change along the beam thickness, accor...

This paper introduces an innovative concept of FRP/concrete hybrid structural member. This concept includes rectangular filament-wound glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tubes, totally or partially filled with concrete, and used as beams and/or columns. The paper presents the experimental program and results of three beams and five short columns tested with different eccentricities. Two of t...

We present a method to improve accuracy in measurements of nanoscale viscoelastic material properties with contact resonance atomic force microscope methods. Through the use of the two-dimensional hydrodynamic function, we obtain a more precise estimate of the fluid damping experienced by the cantilever-sample system in contact resonance experiments, leading to more accurate values for the tip-...

The utilization of unbounded external reinforcing bars is one of the strengthening methods used after loading stage and before failure. The method has been used in different forms to strengthen members of reinforced concrete structures. To investigate the effect of utilization of post-tensioned reinforcing bars in this method of strengthening, a number of reinforced concrete beams was tested. S...

A beam finite element formulation for large deflection problems in the analysis of flexible multibody systems has been proposed. In this formulation, a set of independent deformation modes are defined for each element that do not change if the element is subjected to rigid body motions. The paper examines the applicability of this deformation mode formulation for a shear-deformable three-dimens...

A new method for preparing SWNT/epoxy nanocomposites has been developed which involves high shear mixing of the epoxy resin and SWNT and heat treating the mixture prior to introducing the hardener. The glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin is unaffected by the presence of nanotubes. An improvement of 17% in flexural modulus and 10% in flexural strength has been achieved at 0.05 wt% of...

In this paper, a displacement-based, variationally consistent, two variable refined theory for shear deformable beams is presented. The beam is assumed to be of linearly elastic, homogeneous, isotropic material and has a uniform rectangular cross-section. In this theory, the beam axial displacement and beam transverse displacement consist of bending components and shearing components. The assum...

deflection analysis of a simply supported microbeam subjected to a concentrated load at the middle is investigated on the basis of a shear deformable beam theory and non-classical theory. effects of shear deformation and small size are taken into consideration by hyperbolic shear deformable beam theory and modified strain gradient theory, respectively. the governing differential equations and c...

This study proposed a numerical procedure to simulate the deformation behaviors of the uniaxial compression test of single gabion and of the lateral loading test of full scale gabion retaining wall. The validity of the numerical procedures is verified by the comparison of the measurements with the simulations of deformation behavior. In addition, two evaluation equations which are capable of es...

Displacement finite element models of various beam theories have been developed traditionally using conventional finite element basis functions (i.e., cubic Hermite, equi-spaced Lagrange interpolation functions, or spectral/hp Legendre functions). Various finite element models of beams differ from each other in the choice of the interpolation functions used for the transverse deflection w, tota...