A combined Monte Carlo and quantum mechanical study was carried out to analyze the tautomeric equilibrium of 2-mercaptopyrimidine in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. Second- and fourth-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory calculations indicate that in the gas phase thiol (Pym-SH) is more stable than the thione (Pym-NH) by ca. 8 kcal/mol. In aqueous solution, thermodynamic perturbation...

Events of extensive gas bubble release in over-wintering Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) were repeatedly observed acoustically and visually in Vestfjorden, northern Norway, during attacks from killer whales (Orcinus orca) and saithe (Pollachius virens). Gas bubbles were visually observed to come from the swimbladder of individual herring swimming very close to the surface an...

In the Niger Delta, low oil recovery rates less than 30% results mainly due to production problems such as water coning, wax deposition and high gas/oil ratios. Meanwhile, remaining becomes a good candidate for EOR methods CO2 injection, polymer foam in-situ combustion steam injection. But it stands, practice of these known enhanced is scarce in Nigeria’s Oil Gas industry. However, this project...

This article summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge gained from field observations and laboratory studies regarding foam as a liquid controlling agent in porous media. Being least explored property of foam, its effect potential have often been overlooked or simply ignored. The aim with this review is therefore to demonstrate abilities that could block, reduce, delay, suppress, divert water f...

Insects breathe through valved openings (spiracles) in their cuticle. Many insects open and close their spiracles in a cyclic pattern (discontinuous gas-exchange cycles, or DGC). These cycles were observed over half a century ago, their hypothesized function being to minimize loss of water from the tracheal system. However, numerous recent studies have found that respiration accounts for a smal...

The bulk glass forming alloy Pd43Ni10Cu27P20 is processed into a low-density amorphous metallic foam. Pd43Ni10Cu27P20 is mixed with hydrated B2O3 , which releases gas at elevated temperature and/or low pressure. Very homogeneous foams are achieved due to the high viscosity of the alloy even at its liquidus temperature. By processing at the liquidus temperature and decreasing the pressure to 10 ...