OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between inpatient mortality and implicit rationing of nursing care, the quality of nurse work environments and the patient-to-nurse staffing ratio in Swiss acute care hospitals. DESIGN Cross-sectional correlational design. SETTING Eight Swiss acute care hospitals examined in a survey-based study and 71 comparison institutions. PARTICIPANTS A total of ...

This small-scale study develops a new methodology for investigating which ethical principles of health care rationing the public support after discussion and deliberation. In ten groups of about six people, members of the public are asked to discuss a hypothetical rationing choice, concerning four identified patients who are described in general terms but without detailed information. It is exp...

I agree with Professor ter Meulen that there is no need to make a forced choice between “justice” and “solidarity” when it comes to determining what should count as fair access to needed health care. But he also asserts that solidarity is more fundamental than justice. That claim needs critical assessment. Ter Meulen recognizes that the concept of solidarity has been criticized for being excess...

High growth firms are critical for economic growth yet little is known about their funding arrangements. Examining a survey of over 8,000 UK Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs), this paper investigates the financial issues confronting high growth SMEs compared to non-high growth SMEs. The findings show that rapidly growing SMEs are significantly more likely to apply for finance than non-h...

0094-1190/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier Inc. A doi:10.1016/j.jue.2011.11.003 ⇑ Corresponding author. Fax: +1 202 939 3460. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (E. (S.M. Olmstead). Rather than allowing urban water prices to reflect scarcity rents during periods of drought-induced excess demand, policy makers have mandated command-and-control approaches, primarily rationing the use of ...

The saturation of resources ational Airspace System (e.g. runways, fossil fuels, and water and air quality) obliges regulatory authorities to trade off performance and equity parameters to maximize the efficiency of the system as a whole. Researchers have conducted analysis of trade-offs using utility theory. The value of utility theory trade-offs is subject to: (i) the validity of the paramete...

We applied a decision tool for rationing choices, with a predetermined budget of about 11 US dollars per household per year, to identify priorities of poor people regarding health insurance benefits in India in late 2005. A total of 302 individuals, organized in 24 groups, participated from a number of villages and neighborhoods of towns in Karnataka and Maharashtra. Many individuals were illit...

Health services throughout the world do not have enough resources to meet the healthcare needs of all of their citizens. Therefore, some form of rationing within health services is inevitable. Even within healthcare systems in which access to health care is guaranteed— however they are funded—this will mean that some who are ill will not necessarily receive treatment when they need it, if at al...

The first goal of the present work focuses on the need for different rationing methods of the The Global Change and Financial Transition (GFT) working group at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK): I provide a toolbox which contains a variety of rationing methods to be applied to micro-economic disequilibrium models of the lagom model family. This toolbox consists of well kno...

We study the interaction between nonprice public rationing and prices in the private market. Under a limited budget, the public supplier uses a rationing policy. A private firm may supply the good to those consumers who are rationed by the public system. Consumers have different amounts of wealth, and costs of providing the good to them vary. We consider two regimes. First, the public supplier ...