Abstract The paper examines the repulse of fifteenth century Portuguese slave raids in Senegambia by armed forces empires Great Jolof and Imperial Mali, within context ongoing Military Revolution debate with an emphasis on military organization weaponry deployed both sides. Despite claims some historians about early European advantages naval warfare, any such superiority part vessels was not de...

The paper addresses the long-term impact of mining towns and villages under authority these on waterscapes in northern area medieval Kingdom Hungary (presentday Slovakia). focuses privileging practices settlers founded by burghers a town, Kremnica. argues that analysing Kremnica’s practice settling towns’ surroundings may one hand shed light privileges town itself, other, be crucial to understa...

F decades medieval historians have placed population at the centre of their concerns, but it is only in recent years that their studies have begun to constitute a respectable branch of historical demography. From the scrutiny of oblique records which provide indications of such matters as settlement, the size of landholdings, land values, prices and wages, attention has increasingly turned towa...

Now mark (6i) also further: if the artery is small and from day to day and from beat to beat gets bigger (62) and increases in size, that means an improving constitution. However, if it shrinks and the sick man weakens (63) from day to day and has fever, the man is fatally ill beyond a (64) doubt. But if the man improves so that he sleeps well and (65) gets stronger, and the fever lessens and t...