Purpose: This study investigated whether real-time variable shape tungsten rubber (STR) could be applied for nail radiation protection in total skin electron beam (TSEB) therapy. Methods: Simulated finger phantoms were made from syringes filled with physiological saline of volumes 5, 10, 20, and 30 ml (inner diameters 14.1, 17.0, 21.7, 25.3 mm, respectively). Gafchromic film was to the phantom,...

Wide-dose-range 2D radiochromic films for radiotherapy, such as GAFchromic EBT, are based on the lithium salt of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (Li-PCDA) photosensitive component. We show that there two solid forms Li-PCDA—a monohydrated form A and an anhydrous B. The used in commercial is due to its short needle-shaped crystals, which provide favorable coating properties. Form B provides enhanced...

The GEMPix is a small gaseous detector with highly pixelated readout, consisting of drift region, three Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) for signal amplification, and four Timepix ASICs 55 µm pixel pitch total 262,144 pixels. A continuous flow gas mixture such as Ar:CO2:CF4, Ar:CO2 or propane-based tissue equivalent supplied externally at rate 5 L/h. This article reviews the medical applications...

Background: Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is an advanced method for delivery of three dimensional therapies, which provides optimal dose distribution with giving multiple nonuniform fluency to the patient. The complex dose distribution of IMRT should be checked to ensure that the accurate dose is delivered. Today, film dosimetry is a powerful tool for radiotherapy treatment Quali...

Introduction: The complex geometry of breast and also lung and heart inhomogeneities near the planning target volume (PTV) result in perturbations in dose distribution. This problem can result in overdosage or underdosage in the match region of the three treatment fields. The purpose of this study is to create a homogeneous dose distribution in the match region between the supraclavicular and t...

Theoretical and experimental studies have been applied for dosimetric parameters determination of the brachytherapy sources (1-3). Usually, Monte Carlo method has been used to define such quantities as the anisotropy dose function, the radial dose function, and the dose calculation close to the source in brachytherapy (4-6). Ir source is used widely in brachytherapy to treat localized tumors ne...