Immunity to genital tract infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is mediated by type 1 CD4+ T lymphocytes. To define the signals that govern lymphocyte trafficking to the genital mucosa, integrins expressed by infiltrating T cells and endothelial addressins displayed on local vasculature were characterized during the course of infection. All T cells expressed the alphaLbeta2 heterodimer that bind...

We have recently reported that the sublingual (s.l.) mucosa is an efficient site for inducing systemic and mucosal immune responses. In this study, the potential of s.l. immunization to induce remote Ab responses and CD8(+) cytotoxic responses in the female genital tract was examined in mice by using a nonreplicating Ag, OVA, and cholera toxin (CT) as an adjuvant. Sublingual administration of O...

ECR 2004 – Categorical Course “Pediatric Radiology” Abstract Congenital anomalies of the female genital tract result from müllerian duct anomalies and/or abnormalities of the urogenital sinus or cloaca. Due to the close developmental relationship between the genital and the urinary tracts, association of anomalies in both systems are common. This article reviews the appearance of developmental ...

UNLABELLED Particular types of hormonal contraceptives (HCs) and genital tract infections have been independently associated with risk of HIV-1 acquisition. We examined whether immunity in women using injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), combined oral contraceptives (COC), or no HCs differs by the presence of cervicovaginal infections. Immune mediators were quantified in cervica...

The etiology of epithelial metaplasia and its re lation to neoplasia have been of interest for many years. Investigators have proposed (39, 41) and opposed (6j the view that metaplastic trans formations in various sites may be precancerous. It seems well established that such alterations often accompany neoplastic growths (20, 25, 27, 32). The need to distinguish metaplastic from neo plastic le...

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is the partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other deliberate injury to the female genital organs, either for cultural or non-therapeutic reasons. This barbaric act is accompanied by a variety of complications ranging from hemorrhage, fracture, infective complications, gynetresia, with its attendant sexual and obstetric difficulties, and de...

Microbiota is a cluster of physiological and pathogenic microorganisms found in many tissues organs living things, including such as bacteria, viruses, fungi. has important roles on system functions immune system, urinary digestive system. However, these can cause obstruction the genital tract, epididymitis orchitis, thus may lead to infertility. In addition, apathogenic viruses fungi have nega...