Achieving and understanding effective transfer of learning requires a careful analysis of the hidden knowledge and skills to be transferred. We present an experiment that tests a subtle prediction of such an analysis. It concluded that a critical difficulty in students’ learning to translate algebra story problems into symbolic expressions is in learning the grammar of such expressions. We hypo...

this article studies the generative grammar approach and some other theories driven from it to lexicon and lexical entries. generative grammar is known as a syntax-based theory, so some aspects of language which have been studied in this theory may have been ignored in other theories. this article shows that more attention has been given to lexicon and lexical entries since 50s. we may claim th...

The first presentation, by Dave Pallett, described an evaluation by Pallett, Fiscus, and Garofolo (National Institute for Standards and Technology) of the significance of differences in performance of various speech understanding systems. A number of sites which are developing such systems have been using the DARPA Resource Management Speech Corpora to evaluate their systems. As performance gra...

The GF Eclipse Plugin provides an integrated development environment (IDE) for developing grammars in the Grammatical Framework (GF). Built on top of the Eclipse Platform, it aids grammar writing by providing instant syntax checking, semantic warnings and cross-reference resolution. Inline documentation and a library browser facilitate the use of existing resource libraries, and compilation and...

We present an implementation of E–anti–unification as defined in [Hei95], where tree–grammar descriptions of equivalence classes of terms are used to compute generalizations modulo equational theories. We discuss several improvements, including an efficient implementation of variable–restricted E–anti–unification from [Hei95], and give some runtime figures about them. We present applications in...

The partially EU funded project FASTY will assist motor, speech, learning and language impaired persons to produce texts faster, with less physical/cognitive load and with better spelling and grammar. Higher text generation rates will be achieved on one hand by using a very adaptable UserInterface with a variety of feedback options such as different selection lists and orders for the predicted ...

One of the key questions in the study of language concerns the architecture of the grammar. At issue is the nature of and relationship between the systems that generate linguistic output. The present paper tests the predictions of two competing theories of grammatical architecture for a variable process of h-deletion in connected speech. A usage-based theory of grammar predicts that this phonet...

The main rivals to the input or comprehension hypothesis are the skill-building and comprehensible output hypotheses. Studies claiming to show that the skill-building hypothesis is correct consist of studies of the impact of grammar instruction and error correction. These studies show only that instruction and correction have a modest impact on tests in which subjects are focused on form. Compr...

Pure statistical parsing systems achieves high in-domain accuracy but performs poorly out-domain. In this paper, we propose two different approaches to produce syntactic dependency structures using a large-scale hand-crafted HPSG grammar. The dependency backbone of an HPSG analysis is used to provide general linguistic insights which, when combined with state-of-the-art statistical dependency p...