they turned out to be lung overinflation and subcutaneous emphysema on computed tomography. In severe cases of lung overinflation, there is a minimal expansion of lung on inspiration leading to minimal lung sliding seen on US. It can be mistaken as a lack of lung sliding. Moreover, in subcutaneous emphysema, pockets of air in subcutaneous tissues make identification of pleural line difficult, l...

This paper is about the design of a Sliding Mode Controller (SMC), with modified PI-D sliding surface, for the control of First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) process. In the modified PI-D sliding surface, error is connected to the proportional and integral elements of the controller, and the derivative of the system output is connected to derivative element of the controller. The usage of PI-D s...

Path following control problem of autonomous vehicles is investigated, concerning both unmeasurable sliding effects and lateral disturbances which lead to some difficulties in designing autonomous control under complex environment. To deal with the sliding effects, sideslip angles are modeled and reconstructed by estimating the tire cornering stiffness, which plays important role in analyzing t...

A new guidance law utilizing variable structure control with finite time sliding sector is proposed. First, a finite time sliding sector is defined. The finite time sliding sector is a subset of state space in which the Lyapunov function candidate satisfies the finite time stability condition, in contrast to the commonly used notion of asymptotic stability in conventional sliding sector. Then, ...

This paper presents a robust sliding mode controller for a class of unknown nonlinear discretetime systems in the presence of fixed time delay. A neural-network approximation and the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory into the sliding-mode technique is used and a neural-network based sliding mode control scheme is proposed. Because of the novality of Chebyshev Neural Networks (CNNs), that it...

Kinetic friction during dry sliding along atomistic-scale Al 001 /Al 001 and -Al2O3 0001 / -Al2O3 0001 interfaces has been investigated using molecular dynamics MD with recently developed Reactive Force Fields ReaxFF . It is of interest to determine if kinetic friction variations predicted with MD follow the macroscopic-scale friction laws known as Coulomb’s law for dry sliding and Stokes’ fric...

A decoupled fuzzy sliding-mode control for an aeroelastic system is derived. This aeroelastic dynamic system describes the nonlinear plunge and pitch motions of a wing section, using a single trailing-edge flap as the control input. The decoupled fuzzy sliding-mode control design method is proposed to simultaneously control both the plunge and pitch motions of the aeroelastic system. In this de...

The paper deals with the reliability–based design optimization (RBDO) of concrete gravity dams subjected to earthquake load using subset simulation. The optimization problem is formulated such that the optimal shape of concrete gravity dam described by a number of variables is found by minimizing the total cost of concrete gravity dam for the given target reliability. In order to achieve this p...

The propagation of torsional waves in a prestressed fiber-reinforced half-space under the effect of magnetic field and gravity has been discussed. The problem has been solved analytically using Whittaker function to obtain the exact solution frequency equations. Numerical results for stress, gravity and magnetic field are given and illustrated graphically. Comparisons are made with the results ...