based on their own specific social requirements, all societies have made use of music on numerous and various occasions. music has played a role in a wide range of social activities, including at prestigious events such as governmental receptions, court ceremonies and martial music, as well as during national and religious celebrations. the aim of this article is to examine martial musical inst...

On March 9th, 2011, the eminent scholar of Iranian studies, historian, bibliographer, Persian manuscript expert, journalist, biographer and writer, Iraj Afshar passed away at the age of 85 in Tehran. His demise was a great loss to Iranian culture. He edited or wrote around 300 books in various fields of Iranian studies, including the history of medicine in Iran and published more than 2000 pape...

In the 18th century Istanbul, different congregational and ethnic groups started to come together in public sphere. This created an environment of cultural transfer exchange among various congregations, that reached its climax at beginning 19th century. Turkish classical music be written Hamparsum notation which adapted ancient note system Armenian church music. The elements Rum Church Profan M...

animation, often called visual music, can have a structural base similar to that of absolute music. In this article, I propose a groundwork for a practical theory of visual music composition. The approach builds from the simple premise that the resolution of tension moves us through time. The article will review some fundamentals from art and design and apply them to temporal structure. To esta...

  Introduction:   The daf is a large Persian frame drum used as a musical instrument in both popular and classical music which can induce a percussive sound at low frequencies (146–290 Hz) with peaks of up to 130 dBspl. The percussive sounds have a power distribution in the region of saccular sensitivity. In view of the saccular stimulation by sound in humans, we decided to use cervical vestibu...

Studying the history of science could help develop an understanding of the contributions made by ancient nations towards scientific advances. Although Iranians had an important impact on the improvement of science, the history of Iranian medicine seems not to have been given enough attention by historians. The present study focused on the history of anesthesia and pain management in Iranian med...