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the level of ecomomic (income or expenditure) inequality in khorasan province has been unknown. this paper tries to estimate and compare the trends of expenditure (income) inequality in khorasan province and the whole iran during 1971-2001 in two categories of urban and rural regions. for this purpose, inequality indices (gini coefficient and income deciles) were estimated parametrically. the r...

BACKGROUND Human milk possesses bacteriostatic properties, largely due to the presence of immunological proteins. Heat treatments such as Holder pasteurization reduce the concentration of immunological proteins in human milk and consequently increase the bacterial growth rate. This study investigated the bacterial growth rate and the immunological protein concentration of ultraviolet (UV-C) irr...

This research was conducted to study the effect of gender inequality on social participation of women. The method used in this research was Ex-Post Facto and survey method. The statistical population included female students in different fields of faculty of humanities and faculty of training sciences and psychology (Islamic Azad University) Garmsar Branch in 2012-2013. Research instruments inc...

R egional unbalanced growth and the factors affecting it are one of the most important economic issues in developing countries. In this research, after evaluating the regional inequality at the provincial level of Iran, in order to examine the effect of economic factors on it, it was considered as a spatial econometric model using panel data during the period of 2001 to 2015. The evaluatio...

This paper looks at William Holder's "Elements of Speech" [1] from the perspective of modern phonetic and phonological literature. The structure of this presentation, first touching on general linguistic concepts, follows the three principal stages of speech production: respiration/air stream mechanism, phonation, and articulation. Holder's rendition of speech perception is discussed in conjunc...

we study the effect of education and its expenditures, especially in higher education, on poverty and income inequality. using the keynesian approach it is shown that education, from the theoretical point of view, lowers poverty and income inequality level. in an empirical work we, used the data including 111 observations from 91 countries, with different human development levels, and concluded...

In this research, two new methods that improve the drawing depth of deep-drawing processes have been introduced. In the first technique, by creating ridges on the punch surface, the stress concentration is decreased on the blank near the punch edge, in turn increasing the drawing depth. The second method is based on the principle of reducing resistant force in the flange area between the die, t...