We empirically evaluate a number of alternative decision rules for real-time routing of a service vehicle. The particular feature of the decision rules is that they aim at more efficient routing of the vehicle by deliberately introducing vehicle idle times. Our goal is to provide both routing information system providers and supply chain operators with criteria for application of these policies...

OBJECTIVE Complications of intravenous catheters remain a major contributor to health care costs and are a patient safety problem. An intravenous catheter not actively in use-an idle catheter-may increase the risk of infectious and noninfectious complications. We conducted an integrative review of the available literature to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with id...

Communication is the main motive in any Networks whether it is Wireless Sensor Network, Ad-Hoc networks, Mobile Networks, Wired Networks, Local Area Network, Metropolitan Area Network, Wireless Area Network etc, hence it must be energy efficient. The main parameters for energy efficient communication are maximizing network lifetime, saving energy at the different nodes, sending the packets in m...

This paper presents a dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) technique that minimizes the total system energy consumption for performing a task while satisfying a given execution time constraint. We first show that in order to guarantee minimum energy for task execution by using DVFS it is essential to divide the system power into fixed, idle and active power components. Next, we present ...

We deviate from the Berman et al. models in inventory with positive service time. We establish a necessary and sufficient condition for system stability. Several performance measures are computed. An optimisation problem is discussed. Our analysis suggests that it is optimal to place the replenishment order when the inventory level is positive (even in the zero lead time case). Numerical illust...

juvenile delinquency can be considered as an important issue in the social sciences. also, the adolescents' leisure activities are important subjects which have been studied in the social sciences and humanities. this study assessed the relationship between leisure activities and delinquency among 610 male and female high school student in the city of shiraz. the questionnaire consists of two s...

The objective was to evaluate the ingestive behavior of crossbred heifers finished on a Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture receiving four levels of glycerin in their supplementation. Thirty-six crossbred heifers with average initial weight of 264.83±3.83 kg and 20 months of age were distributed into a completely randomized design with four treatments and nine replications: control (0%), 4...

Although several papers have studied no-idle scheduling problems, they all focus on flow shops, assuming one processor at each working stage. But, companies commonly extend to hybrid flow shops by duplicating machines in parallel in stages. This paper considers the problem of scheduling no-idle hybrid flow shops. A mixed integer linear programming model is first developed to mathematically form...

The purpose of this research is to examine the challenges faced by learner and activities they undertake concerning informal digital learning English (IDLE) implementation in as foreign language (EFL) context. impact COVID-19 on education sector feels very challenging. Especially EFL at high/secondary school level, it crucial since skills are needed support such level students' more complex nee...

With ever-scaling VLSI technology, the leakage is increasingly becoming a serious concern when addressing the power consumption problem for next-generation real-time embedded systems. Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) is efficient in reducing the dynamic energy consumption of a CMOS processor. However, methods that employ DVS without considering the leakage current are quickly becoming less effecti...