channel is busy idle slots idle slots This paper analyzes the performance of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol under a disaster scenario. The performance is measured in terms of the recovery time and the throughput of the protocol when a network disaster occurs. To make the problem amenable to analysis, some approximations are used, and a new technique to collapse a very large state space is introduced....

Time skewing is a compile-time optimization that can provide arbitrarily high cache hit rates for a class of iterative calculations, given a sufficient number of time steps and sufficient cache memory. Thus, it can eliminate processor idle time caused by inadequate main memory bandwidth. In this article, we give a generalization of time skewing for multiprocessor architectures, and discuss time...

Networked end-systems such as desktops and set-top boxes are often left powered-on, but idle, leading to wasted energy consumption. An alternative would be for these idle systems to enter low-power sleep modes. Unfortunately, today, a sleeping system sees degraded functionality: first, a sleeping device loses its network “presence” which is problematic to users and applications that expect to m...

Abstruc/A Mobile Ad-hoc'NETwork (MANET), also referred as Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS), has nodes which not only sendlreceive'packets associated with them but also co-operate in forwarding dataand control packets for the network. Efficient use of energy by the mobile nodes is very important to increase the lifetime of MANET. Since nodes seldom have packets to receive, they remain in Idl...

Providing QoS and performance guarantees for arbitrarily divisible loads in a cluster has become a significant problem. While progress is being made in scheduling arbitrarily divisible loads, some of the proposed approaches may cause Inserted Idle Times (IITs) that are detrimental to system performance. Two contributions are made in addressing this problem. First, we propose two constraints tha...

Purpose: According to frequent needs to gastric decompression by nasogastric tube insertion during laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, the current comparative study was accomplished through single blind clinical trial considering both the presence and the absence of guide wire insertion. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients were selected for elective surgery of laparoscopic Cholecystectomywith ...

Operating rooms have become the most important areas in hospitals because of the scarcity and cost of resources. The present study investigates operating room scheduling and rescheduling considering the priority of surgical patients in a specialized hospital. The ultimate purpose of scheduling is to minimize patient waiting time, surgeon idle time between surgeries, and penalties for deviations...

This document describes two methods for reducing computational requirements during idle transmission in remote access systems incorporating digital subscriber line (DSL) modems, including asymmetrical DSL (ADSL) systems. These methods save processing power during idle transmission by generating an idle signal using lowcomplexity techniques. The generated idle signal is made spectrally compatibl...

We show how results known for discrete time GI/GI/1 systems with service time distributions of finite support can be generalized to include arbitrary, especially long-tailed distributions of the service time. Therefore we prove and exploit the property, that the tail of the service time distribution beyond a certain bound has negligible effect on the idle times. This enables to compute the idle...