assembly line production is one of the widely used basic principles in production system. the problem of assembly line balancing deals with the distribution of activities among the workstations so that there will be maximum utilization of human resources and facilities without disturbing the work sequence. research works reported in the literature mainly deals with minimization of idle time i.e...

In this paper, the problem of two-machine flow shop scheduling to minimize total energy costs under time-of-use tariffs is investigated. As the objective function of this study is not a regular measure, allowing intentional idle-time can be advantageous. So this study considers two approaches, one for non-delay version of the problem and the other one for a situation when inserting intentional ...

Inserted idle time occurs when a machine is kept waiting deliberately for the arrival of a job that is still being processed on a preceding machine. A common assumption in most of the existing literature on flowshop scheduling is that inserted idle time is not allowed, and whenever there are jobs that are ready for processing on a given machine, that machine is not kept idle for any reason. Thi...

Following the identification of an emergency situation, a downtime allowance was introduced in Republic Latvia to compensate for restrictions imposed on employers and self-employed. Payment is intended only those employees self-employed persons who have paid social insurance contributions previous periods, thus small producers, craftsmen, farms were left without support, although their activiti...

Abstract Background Unused ('idle') peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVC) are those not used within 24 hours of insertion. There is little data on cannulation practices and idle PIVC rates in emergency settings, especially the pre-hospital environment. Methods This was an observational cohort study set south-east Queensland, Australia using from a large tertiary level department (ED) local st...