daniels, porteny and urrutia et al make a good case for the idea that that public decisions ought to be made not only “in the light of” evidence but also “on the basis of” budget impact, financial protection and equity. health technology assessment (hta) should, they say, be accordingly expanded to consider matters additional to safety and cost-effectiveness. they also complain that most hta re...

Traditional disciplinary guidelines are inadequate to address some of the ethical dilemmas that emerge when conducting research on violence against women and girls. This article is organized according to the ethical principles of respect for persons, privacy and confidentiality, justice, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. In the article, I describe dilemmas involved in cross-cultural research, re...

Background: Disasters are medically defined as events in which the demands for patients’ care far exceed the available resources. In such situations, triage and rationing of limited resources are inevitable. A decision regarding triage needs not only scientific guidelines but also an ethical framework and supporting policies. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the criteria for...

Although advancements in the field of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include effective therapies for many patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, there remains a large unmet need, and there is a large number of investigational agents in the pipeline. Drug development through clinical trials is critical to understanding the safety and efficacy of new therapies in the affected hum...

Challenging issues confront emergency physicians routinely when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Ethical issues surrounding resuscitation may include issues of futility, withholding or withdrawing interventions, advance directives, family presence, practising procedures on the newly dead, palliative care, and communication. Principles of bioethics can be valuable in assessing and debat...

During the past 20 years, states have increasingly expanded the lists of individuals who are obligated to report their suspicions of child abuse and neglect. These legal requirements are juxtaposed with ethical considerations in research and professional practice. The ethical issues include the obligation to maintain both confidentiality of information provided by human participants and the s...

While e-health initiatives are poised to revolutionize delivery and access to mental health care, conducting clinical research online involves specific contextual and ethical considerations. Face-to-face psychosocial interventions can at times entail risk and have adverse psychoactive effects, something true for online mental health programs too. Risks associated with and specific to internet p...

Many commentators have acknowledged the fact that the usual courtroom maxim to "tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth" is not so easy to apply in practicality. In any given situation, what does the whole truth include? In case, the whole truth includes all the possible alternatives for a given situation, what should a forensic expert witness do when an important question is...

The paper examines ``popular'' models of ®nancial markets constructed in contemporary ®nancial journalism about ethical investment. Ethical investment is likely to be a fruitful area for the identi®cation of popular models as they explicitly include moral criteria in addition to the more familiar concerns of risk and return. Unlike ``economic'' models, these popular models are characterised by ...