نتایج جستجو برای: indicating elastic demand relative to input price so

تعداد نتایج: 10769081  

2001
Samiran Banerjee Ping Lin Tuen Mun

We analyze the incentives for cost-reducing R&D by downstream firms in a two-tier market structure. Downstream R&D increases the demand for an input, thereby allowing the upstream firm to raise the input price. While it lowers the benefit of R&D to a downstream firm, such a price adjustment by the input supplier leads to a higher production cost for all rival firms. Due to this “raising rivals’...

2015
Tao Li Antonio A. Trani

General Aviation (GA) demand forecast plays an important role in aviation management, planning and policy making. The objective of this paper is to develop an airport-level GA demand forecast model. The GA demand at an airport is modeled as a function of social-economic and demographic factors, the availability of supply factors, the competition from the commercial aviation, the number of based...

Reducing or eliminating subsidies for the electricity sector in the economy is a good way to control the daily consumption of electricity and balance the cost of supply and demand players. By increasing or decreasing electricity subsidies, indirect taxes are reduced or increased. Under these conditions, assuming the stability of primary inputs and the stability of power generation technology an...

2001
DOUGLAS S. MEADE

The fundamental input-output identities that express the solution for commodity output and price also guarantee that nominal GDP is the same whether measured as the sum of final demand expenditures or as the sum of value added. In the simplified framework in which the identities are usually presented, all relationships hold exactly, and there is one homogenous price for each commodity. However,...

1998
Jean-Michel Guldmann

Based on a theoretical framework that derives information flows associated to economic and social transactions, intersectoral, point-to-point telecommunication flow functions are specified and estimated, using a very large data base on intra-LATA toll calls and a simultaneous equation estimation procedure that accounts for the endogeneity of reverse call flows. The effects of prices, distances,...

Journal: :تحقیقات اقتصادی 0
حسین پناهی دانشیار گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه تبریز سکینه سجودی دکترای علوم اقتصادی دانشگاه تبریز مهنسا مرندیان کارشناس ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی دانشگاه تبریز

one of the main principles of resistance economy, is to support domestic production and limiting imports, especially in sectors where there is the possibility of import-substituting production .this requires adjustment of exact trade policies,and to achieve this, identifying the structure of imports demand function and also price and income elasticity of import demand is necessary.this necessit...

The present paper explains the dynamics of substitution tensions between fossil energy carriers for gas consumption in the transportation sector of Iran in the horizon of 2025 using seasonal space model and Kalman filter approach for the years 2006-2019 in the form of quarterly data. Based on the results; Price elasticity and revenue elasticity of gasoline and gas oil are -0.20, -0.15, 0.27 and...

Journal: :Health economics 2010
Chad D Meyerhoefer Samuel H Zuvekas

Consumers' price responsiveness is central to US health-care reform proposals, but the best available estimates are now more than 25 years old. We estimate health-care demands by calculating expected end-of-year prices and incorporating them into a zero-inflated ordered probit model applied to several overlapping panels of data from 1996 to 2003. Results from our correlated random effects speci...

2006
Gabriele Camera Cemil Selcuk

We model a market where identical buyers direct their search to identical capacity-constrained sellers. Sellers cannot fully commit to the list price so strategic bargaining may determine the sale price. We study search and pricing behavior in symmetric equilibrium. Sale prices exhibit equilibrium dispersion as they respond naturally to local demand conditions. Uncoordinated search decisions le...

Journal: :مدیریت زنجیره تأمین 0
احمد رضایی فرزاد دهقانیان

emission trading is one of the famous mechanisms under kyoto protocol to control environmental pollution. the aim of this paper is to design a strategic supply chain network under emission trading scheme with inclusion of stochastic parameters and budget limitation. demand and price of carbon credits are considered as the important stochastic parameters influencing the supply chain network. in ...

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