The grain procurement and marketing system was established in China in the early 1950s. The primary policy objective was to ensure equal and relatively efficient distribution of limited grain among consumers and industrial users, and to ensure the growth of grain production at the planned rate. At the same time, it was assigned another important task: to divert agricultural surplus into investm...

manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel is one of the isic (international standard industrial classification of all economic activities, rev.2) that produced 8.5 percent of industry value-added in iran in 2007. isfahan, tehran, khuzestan, hormozgan, and markazi provinces accounted for 90 percent of the value added in this sector. to determine competitive advantage in th...

the purpose of this paper is to examine and evaluate the effects of government intervention on the iranian economy over the last few decades. it is shown that public expenditures affect the value added of each economic sector not only simultaneously, but lagged over several periods. regression results show that the value added from the agricultural sector has never been affected by government e...

A high-quality carbon dioxide (CO2) inventory is the cornerstone of climate change mitigation. Most of the previously reported embodied CO2 inventories in China have no more than 42 sectors, and this limitation may introduce apparent inaccuracy into the analysis at the sector level. To improve the quality of input-output (IO)-based CO2 inventories for China, we propose a practical energy alloca...

In places like China, an ageing population coupled with changes in living standards and increases in disposable income, imply a shift of the demand for health-related goods and services which is likely to affect the whole organization of the industries that supply such goods and services at the global level. One of the industries most likely to be affected is the pharmaceutical sector. In the e...

The acceleration of growth and job creation is a major challenge for North African Countries (NAC) which are witnessing a sharp increase in their labour force. The dominance of the textile/clothing sector and of sub-contracting in the automobile sector within the Maghreb’s industrial fabric, as well as the lack of alternative manufacturing specialization are sources of vulnerability. Consequent...