هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی تاثیر نشانه های فرا گفتمان متنی بر فهم متون انگلیسی به وسیله ی زبان اموزان فارسی زبان است.این تحقیق علاوه بر این کوشیده است تا میزان اگاهی این زبان اموزان و نحوه ی تعامل انان را با متون خوانده شده در زبان انگلیسی به وسیله ی پرسش نامه ی تهیه شده بررسی کند.بر اساس محتوای یک متن انگلیسی یازده سوال درست /غلط طرح گردید و یک مرتبه با ان متن و یک مرتبه با نسخه ای که نشانه ها...

the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between teachers’ immediacy behaviors and iranian students’ willingness to talk in english classes. analysis of the results from willingness to talk scale represents a relatively high level of willingness to talk in english classrooms among iranian language learners. the total mean score of students’ willingness to talk was 66.3 ou...

Considering the emergence of brand-new educational needs, non-formal education as a prerequisite of a knowledge-based society is increasingly going popular among nations in view of its continual nature. However, life-long learning as a key concept of the modern education system stands clearly at odds with traditional learning in every way of philosophy, objectives,...

The commitment and forward-looking behavior of central bank is of great importance. Commitment imposes less social costs on the central bank and the public. However, while there is wide agreement on the importance of commitment, there is much less consensus on how to implement commitment through targeting or instrumental rules. In this paper, we have estimated a basic New Keynesian model in I...