More or less all proposed highly efficient solar cell concepts use quite successfully laterally selective boron doping. However, quality control regarding achieved doping level, lateral extension, etc. on real devices or precursors gets more and more complicated with these small structures as the typical characterisation techniques simply do not work well on small scale. High resolution mapping...

Simulation based on the finite-element (FE) method plays an important role in the investigation of intra-body communication (IBC). In this paper, a finite-element model of the whole body model used for the IBC simulation is proposed and verified, while the FE simulation of the galvanic coupling IBC with different signal transmission paths has been achieved. Firstly, a novel finite-element metho...

The ethical dimension of treating the elderly, including risk-benefit analysis, focuses mainly on quality of life and end-of-life issues. These include arguments on advance directives and the concept of extraordinary treatments. This paper looks more closely at the philosophical approach to aging in order to address questions on the direction of research and issues such as longevity and social ...

Progress in understanding and achieving sustainability requires addressing it as both a scientific and an ethical issue. If sustainability is defined as “meeting human needs in a socially just manner without depriving ecosystems of their health,” most of the words in its definition are normative or value laden. Depending on how critical normative terms such as “human needs” and “ecosystem healt...

this research is a field study research done in purpose of consideration of marketing status in small industries. the results help managers of small industries in decision making and researchers in their investigations to devise marketing solutions for small companies' issues. the simpson-taylor model was applied as the research model. it considers the status of marketing in small industri...

Abstract