BACKGROUND Use of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in humans may alter vaginal microbial populations and susceptibility to pathogens. This study evaluated the time-dependent effects of an LNG-IUS on the vaginal microbiome of the baboon, a useful animal model for reproductive studies. METHODS Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems were inserted into three reprodu...

BACKGROUND The main reason for discontinuation of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is unpredictable bleeding pattern. METHODS The objective of the study was to evaluate the endometrial histology, microvascular density and calibre, and the quantification of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-3) in long-term users of LNG-IUS, with and without bleeding. Endometrial biopsies ...

Introduction The renewed interest in gas, which started in the 1990s due to its excellent environmental credentials, has seen an increase in the order book for LNG carriers – LNG carriers being the leviathans of the gas carrier fleet. Yet, while attracting great interest, the gas trade still employs relatively few ships in comparison to oil tankers, and hence its inner workings are little known...

Reliability analysis for liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipeline network brings researchers huge challenges because the system experience multiple dependent competing failure processes. Based on system reliability R(t) and time to failure distribution f(t) analyzed from system failure modes and mechanisms, we can generate LNG pipeline life data. Different maintenance policies can be considered as ...

This review gives an overview of the mechanisms of action of oral emergency contraception pills (ECPs), focusing on the levonorgestrel (LNG) and ulipristal acetate (UPA) containing ECPs. In vivo and in vitro studies have addressed the effect of EC on various possible targets. Based on these studies as well as on clinical trials it is clear that the efficacy of ECPs to prevent an unintended preg...

BACKGROUND The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG IUS) is one of the most effective forms of contraception and offers important non-contraceptive health benefits. However, it is not widely available in developing countries, largely due to the high price of existing products. Medicines360 plans to introduce its new, more affordable LNG IUS in Kenya. The public-sector transfer price will var...

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) release, spread, evaporation, and dispersion processes are illustrated using the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission models in this paper. The spillage consequences are dependent upon the tank conditions, release scenarios, and the environmental conditions. The effects of the contributing variables, including the tank configuration, breach hole size, ullage pressure...