The demonstration of reversible lithium insertion into oxide hosts1!4 has made the advent of the Liþ-ion battery possible. However, the organic liquid-carbonate electrolytes used have an energy gap (Eg) between their lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) located between 1.1 V and 4.3 V versus Liþ/Li0, which makes the electrochemical potential (...

Light and flexible photovoltaic devices based on organic materials are extensively studied as an alternative to expensive and fragile silicon-based solar cells. The efficiency of these devices is rapidly increasing with the most recent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of greater than 8% bringing them closer to commercial viability. Further improvements are needed and can be achieved by optimiz...

N-acylation was studied as a method for reducing the LUMO energy levels of benzodipyrrolidone-based polymers. The N-acylated polymers showed reduced LUMO levels and improved reversibility of reductive doping compared with N-alkylated polymers. This method may also apply in other conjugated polymers with lactam repeating units.

The extended SSH model and Bogoliubov-de Gennes(BdeG) formalism are applied to investigate the electronic properties and stable lattice configurations of C36. We focus the problem on the molecule’s unusual D6h symmetry. The electronic part of the Hamiltonian without Coulomb interaction is solved analytically. We find that the gap between HOMO and LUMO is small due to the long distance hopping b...

Abstract For any simple connected graph G of order n , having eigen spectrum μ 1 ≥ 2 ⋯ with middle eigenvalues H and L where = ⌊( + 1)/2⌋ ⌈( 1)/2⌉, the HOMO–LUMO gap is defined as Δ . In this article, a upper bound for corresponding to special class bipartite graphs estimated. As an application, bounds certain classes nanotubes nanotori are

The aim of this paper was to analyze the structure, vibrations and do global analyses molecules p-n-alkyl benzoic acid (nBAC). energy, IR, Homo-Lumo optimised parameters were calculated using a density functional method. reactivity descriptors molecules, including electro-negativity, electron affinity, ionisation potential, softness, chemical energy gaps is further shown by band gap value drops...

The interaction of a nitrosyl hydride (HNO) molecule with B12N12 nanocage was explored by means of density functional calculations. It was found that HNO prefers to be adsorbing on a boron atom of the cage with adsorption energy of -0.65 eV. This adsorption process significantly shifts the HOMO-LUMO gap (Eg) of the cage to lower energies, thereby reducing Eg of the cage from 6.84 to 2.45 eV. Ti...

In this study, the reaction of 3-Picrylamino-1, 2, 4-Triazole (PATO) with B12N12 was investigated by density functional theory in the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. There were two possible isomers for reaction of PATO with B12N12 via carbon and nitrogen atoms of triazole ring to the Born atom of B12N12 (I and II-isomers). Thermo...

In this research, the effects of B, O and B&O−doped on the SO2 gas adsorption on the surface of the (4, 4) armchair AlNNTs are investigated by using DFT method. From optimized structures the geometrical and electrical properties, adsorption energy, gap energy, global hardness, electrical potential, HOMO−LUMO orbitals, density of states (DOS) plots, electrostatic potential (ESP) plots and NMR pa...

The central component of the programmable molecular switch recently demonstrated by Stoddart and Heath is [2]rotaxane, which consists of a cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) shuttle (CBPQT(4+))(PF(6)(-))(4) (the ring) encircling a finger and moving between two stations, tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and 1,5-dioxynaphthalene (DNP). As a step toward understanding the mechanism of this switch, we report he...