Proliferated IgG4(+) plasma cells are polyclonal, suggesting that the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) involves upstream events related to the regulation of IgG4 expansion. We hypothesized that lymphoid follicle formation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD. Using various antibodies, especially against monocyte, macrophage, and follicular dendritic cell marke...

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) antigen was demonstrated in lungs, lymphoid tissues, intestines, and testes and accessory sex glands of an 11-month-old boar from a boar stud with a history of recent illness and infertility. At necropsy, the lungs failed to collapse and there was moderate cranioventral bronchopneumonia. Microscopically, there was severe multifocal suppurative and histiocytic br...

= Abstract = Lymphoid polyposis is a lymphoid hyperplasia of the gastrointestinal tract that usually presents as multiple small polyps in the colon during childhood. This should be differentiated from other neoplastic or familial polyposis of the intestine. We report a case of benign lymphoid polyposis of the colon in a 17-month-old boy who presented with perianal fistula and mucosal ulceration...

Introduction: Most B-cell malignancies are diagnosed based on morphologic and immunohistochemical criteria. Some cases, however, still present a challenge for the pathologist to discriminate between reactive hyperplasia and neoplastic disorders. Molecular techniques can be used as a helpful diagnostic tool in these cases. In this study, we assessed the value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) t...

background lower gastrointestinal bleeding (lgib) in infants and children is a common problem in medical centers; however, its epidemiologic properties have not been studied well. objectives due to the fact that lgib has various causes in different geographical places, considering the importance of etiology in decision making for diagnostic techniques and treatment and since the lack of compreh...

Aims—To provide practical guidelines for the diVerentiation between benign and malignant focal lymphoid aggregates (lymphoid nodules) in routinely referred bone marrow trephine biopsies, using a synoptic approach including clinical data and histological workup. Methods—For easy identification of very small lymphoid infiltrates the chloroacetate esterase stain was applied as a screening procedur...

AIMS To provide practical guidelines for the differentiation between benign and malignant focal lymphoid aggregates (lymphoid nodules) in routinely referred bone marrow trephine biopsies, using a synoptic approach including clinical data and histological workup. METHODS For easy identification of very small lymphoid infiltrates the chloroacetate esterase stain was applied as a screening proce...