THE PROBLEM OF MEDICAL SERVICES IN DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING POPULATIONS USA expenditure on health care in the current year is esti­ mated to be 660 billion dollars (Smith, 1990). This figure is equivalent to the current total Gross National Product (GNP) of Britain. Health care expenditure in the USA expressed as a percentage of GNP, is almost double that of most other western countries. Yet th...

background: medial educations' models should train physicians with competencies and commitment to meet health needs in the community. this social accountability in medical education is not a new concept but provides equity, quality, relevance and cost-effectiveness in health care system. the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of faculty members towards the situation and activiti...

introduction: increasing pressure on available funds in health care section especially hospitals, enhances the need of analyzing different strategies in economic terms. one of the solutions for the optimal use of financial resources and potentials in hospitals and health care centers is using elements of the marketing mix. in this way we could make the best use of the resources and cause a retu...

conclusions finally, in order to prevent the occurrence and reduce the consequences of identified errors the following suggestions were proposed : appropriate training courses, applying work guidelines and monitoring their implementation, increasing the number of work shifts, hiring professional workforce, equipping work space with appropriate facilities and equipment. background although healt...

The National Medical Care Utilization and Expenditure Survey was conducted throughout 1980 to collect information on health, access to and use of medical services, associated charges and sources of payment, and health insurance coverage. The survey was based on a probability sample of about 6,600 households and 17,123 people representative of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the ...

BACKGROUND Medical Savings Accounts are an attempt to reduce health care costs by transferring responsibility for expenditures to patients, while providing them with state-supported base amounts to cover some of the costs. We wondered whether such a system would actually be effective, given the fact that medical care expenditures (and illness) are unequally distributed across the population. ...

Background One common challenge to social systems is achieving equity in financial contributions and preventing financial loss. Because of the large and unpredictable nature of some costs, achieving this goal in the health system presents important and unique problems. The present study investigated the Household Financial Contributions (HFCs) to the health system.   Methods The study investiga...

BACKGROUND Illness conditions lead to medical expenditure. Even with various types of medical insurance, there can still be considerable out-of-pocket costs. Medical expenditure can affect other categories of household consumptions. The goal of this study is to provide an updated empirical description of the distributions of illness conditions and medical expenditure and their associations with...

The widening income gap between specialists and primary care physicians (PCPs) has spurred many physician associations to reform the current Resource-Based Relative Value Scale fee schedule and sustainable growth rate expenditure target system. Hoping to better represent primary care, the American Association of Family Physicians formed a task force in 2011 to suggest supplements to the Relativ...