We claim mental models are a framework that allows to shed light on the phenomenon of presuppositions. A plan-based lexical representation for verbs, together with the eeect of conversational implicatures that discharge possible mental models, are the key features of this proposal.

patients and methods in this study, 250 high school students in shiraz were selected using random cluster sampling. the samples were analyzed using the food frequency questionnaire (ffq) and the general health questionnaire (ghq-28). results according to the findings, parental mental health explains 22% of the variance in children’s mental health, so that in simultaneous regression, physical di...

Introduction: Long-term stressful situations can drastically influence one’s mental life. However, the effect of mental stress on recognition of emotional stimuli needs to be explored. In this study, recognition of emotional stimuli in a stressful situation was investigated. Four emotional conditions, including positive and negative states in both low and high levels of arousal were analy...

In comprehending stories, adults create mental models from which they follow the actions of the characters from the characters' different mental vantage points. Using a novel methodology, this study is the first to examine when children attain the narrative ability to track the mental perspective of characters. That is, when do children follow the actions of a story to different locations that ...

We present an exploratory study in deductive reasoning based on the experimental elicitation of external representations of the premises as a tool to investigate how individuals build models of the premises and how they use them in reasoning. The goal of our research is not to check whether external, explicit models are useful as an heuristic support in deductive tasks, but to devise a methodol...

background : using two logistic regression models, we determined the associates of poor physical and mental health related quality of life (hrqol) among beta thalassemia patients. methods : in this cross-sectional study which was conducted during 2006 and 2007 in outpatient adult thalassemia clinic, blood transfusion organization, tehran, iran, short form 36 (sf-36) was used for measuring hrqol...

This article explores the possibility that romantic love is an attachment process--a biosocial process by which affectional bonds are formed between adult lovers, just as affectional bonds are formed earlier in life between human infants and their parents. Key components of attachment theory, developed by Bowlby, Ainsworth, and others to explain the development of affectional bonds in infancy, ...

Policies to promote public health and welfare often fail or worsen the problems they are intended to solve. Evidence-based learning should prevent such policy resistance, but learning in complex systems is often weak and slow. Complexity hinders our ability to discover the delayed and distal impacts of interventions, generating unintended "side effects." Yet learning often fails even when stron...