Hydroxyapatite (HA) has many applications in medicine, dentistry, diagnosis, drug delivery systems, sewage treatment, bone remodeling, concentrating bacteria, covering implants, and antibacterial activity. Despite the numerous current applications of calcium phosphate compounds, particularly HA, their producing methods are being investigated to find the best processes. Several chemical and biol...

We have investigated whether there is a net contribution of lysine synthesized de novo by the gastrointestinal microflora to lysine homeostasis in six adults. On two separate occasions an adequate diet was given for a total of 11 days, and a 24-h (12-h fast, 12-h fed) tracer protocol was performed on the last day, in which lysine turnover, oxidation, and splanchnic uptake were measured on the b...

Classical microbial carbon polymers such as glycogen and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) have a crucial impact as both a sink and a reserve under macronutrient stress conditions. Most microbial species exclusively synthesize and degrade either glycogen or PHB. A few bacteria such as the phototrophic model organism Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 surprisingly produce both physico-chemically different polym...

The rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) has been used to study the effects of phosphorus (P) deficiency on bacterial protein synthesis and chemical composition and on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations in the solid and liquid phases of fermentors. 16 g DM of a P-deficient mixed diet was put into each vessel daily and the vessels were infused with about 1 l of a P-deficient (0 mg of P)...

Drugs are commonly used in combinations larger than two for treating bacterial infection. However, it is generally impossible to infer directly from the effects of individual drugs the net effect of a multidrug combination. Here we develop a mechanism-independent method for predicting the microbial growth response to combinations of more than two drugs. Performing experiments in both Gram-negat...

1. Six wether sheep were each provided with a permanent cannula in the rumen and re-entrant cannulas in the proximal duodenum. 2. In a preliminary study, the sheep consumed 200 g hay and 400 g concentrates supplemented with up to 40 g linseed oil, coconut oil or cod-liver oil daily. Feed was refused at higher levels of supplementation. 3. Five of the sheep were used in a 5 x 5 Latin-square expe...

Advances in reading, writing and editing genetic materials have greatly expanded our ability to reprogram biological systems at the resolution of a single nucleotide and on the scale of a whole genome. Such capacity has greatly accelerated the cycles of design, build and test to engineer microbes for efficient synthesis of fuels, chemicals and drugs. In this review, we summarize the emerging te...

Microbial bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) interconvert electrical and chemical energy, enabling electricity generation, hydrogen production, chemical synthesis, wastewater treatment, desalination, and remediation. The focus of this review is design of bioelectrodes for BESs. Desirable features are high conductivity, stability, and biocompatibility. We trace the history of bioelectrode design ...

The dwindling nature of petroleum and other fossil reserves has provided impetus towards microbial synthesis of fuels and value added chemicals from biomass-derived sugars as a renewable resource. Microbes have naturally evolved enzymes and pathways that can convert biomass into hundreds of unique chemical structures, a property that can be effectively exploited for their engineering into Micro...

Including this studying synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of a new series Mannich base derivatives containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole system The novel compounds synthesis by the reaction 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol with various secondary amine formaldehyde, structures newly synthesized were confirmed FT.IR 1HNMR spectral data. Invitro anti-microbial activity was evaluated agar nutr...