multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disease, which is characterized by demyelination and neuroinflammation. extracellular matrix (ecm) have important role in the central nervous system (cns). alterations are happening to the ecm after the cns disorder like ms, alzheimer and other neural injury. tenasin-c (tnc) is a glycoprotein that is highly expressed in inflammatory conditions of the cns...

introduction: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a progressive and autoimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (cns). this disease is renowned through symptoms like inflammation, demyelination and the damage of neurological actions. melittin is one of components of bee venom and has anti-neuroinflammatory effects. curcumin also, a dietary spice from turmeric, has outstanding anti...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is an inflammatory and autoimmune disease.ms is characterized by blood brain barrier breakdown, inflammation, axonal injury, degeneration of the myelin sheath and etc. a significant association between inflammation and degeneration of neurons is observed in the brain. also active ms lesions always associated with inflammation thus inflammation is a target for treatment o...

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is defined as a clinical-pathologic syndrome manifesting proteinuria and focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis with foot process effacement. The pathologic approach to the classification of FSGS is complicated by the existence of primary (idiopathic) forms and multiple subcategories with etiologic associations, including human immunodeficiency virus ...

the immunoreceptor programmed cell death-1 (pd-1) is a cell surface molecule that is reported to play an important role in the regulation of peripheral tolerance. it has been shown that pd-1 gene is associated with susceptibility to the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) in humans. however, there are no reports on the association between this gene and multiple sclerosis (ms)....

BACKGROUND Autoimmune mechanisms are thought to have a major role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. We aimed to identify coexisting autoimmune phenotypes in patients with multiple sclerosis from families with several members with the disease and in their first-degree relatives. METHODS A total of 176 families (386 individuals and 1107 first-degree relatives) were characterised for a ...

Background: In the recently published meta-analysis of multiple sclerosis genome-wide association studies De Jager et al. identified three single nucleotide polymorphisms associated to MS: rs17824933 (CD6), rs1800693 (TNFRSF1A) and rs17445836 (61.5 kb from IRF8). To refine our understanding of these associations we sought to replicate these findings in a large more extensive independent sample ...

background: due to many physical and mental disorders that occur in multiple sclerosis patients, identifying the factors affecting coping based on the experiences of patients using qualitative study is essential to improve their quality of life. this study was conducted to explore the antecedents of coping with the disease in patients with multiple sclerosis. methods: this is a qualitative stud...