AIM Dysphagia and bolus aspiration are two of the most frequent and invalidating symptoms of various neurological diseases. Swallowing disorders often lead to tracheobronchial aspiration with consequent pneumonia episodes. Aspiration pneumonia per se constitutes the most frequent cause of death in these patients, with mortality rate ranging from 20% to 62%. Oropharyngoesophageal scintigraphy (O...

The purpose of this article is to reexamine the current use of what is to count as evaluation evidence to inform professional practice. The provision of evaluation evidence to inform decision making has long been an aspiration, albeit with varying degrees of success. However the need to reexamine the utility of this endeavour has arisen in the contemporary culture of evidence-based policy and p...

We have investigated a prospective series of 100 acute traumatic haemarthroses of the knee in a general non-athletic population. All the patients had normal radiographs and an aspiration which confirmed the haemarthrosis, before undergoing ligament testing and an arthroscopic examination under anaesthesia. Only one patient had no serious pathology; in the other 99 a total of 193 lesions were re...

A neck mass with soft consistency suggests the diagnosis of a cyst which is usually congenital in origin. Needle aspiration yielding blood should alert the physician the possibility of hemangioma although it is very rare. Ultrasonography and computed tomography will delineate the extent and nature of the lesion and provide the roadmap for surgical excision. We report a case of a girl who presen...

The identification of genetically susceptible individuals may permit the determination of genetic and environmental interactions which result in disease. This paper presents some recent findings on possible genetic-environmental interactions in breast disease as determined by a "nature-nurture" model employing epidemiological risk factors and cytologic studies of breast secretions obtained by n...

Respiratory problems contribute significantly to the overall morbidity and mortality in neurologically impaired children.1-3 Plioplys3 studied severely disabled children living in institution in United States and found that 77% of deaths were result of pneumonia. Aspiration, either from secretions/food in the pharynx or from reflux of gastric contents, is a very common phenomenon in this group ...

This study investigated the significant acoustic cues used in the perception of aspiration contrast in Cantonese initial stops by normal hearing adults. The effects of vowel characteristics, aspiration noise level and voice-onset time (VOT) duration on aspiration perception in Cantonese initial stops were studied. The stimuli were consonant-vowel (CV) real words recorded by a male Cantonese nat...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of abdominal and retroperitoneal masses in children on this study. in 53 cases of childhood abdominal and retroperitoneal masses within a 4 year period (1998- 2001) preoperative fine needle aspiration was done under the guide of ct scan. 2 pathologists reviewed fine needle aspiration smears. in al...

background: historically open surgical drainage has been the treatment of choice for pyogenic liver abscess. the records of 54 patients with pyogenic liver abscess were reviewed to determine whether earlier diagnosis with current imaging tests and definitive treatment with antibiotics and aspiration drainage was an effective alternative to surgery. methods: the clinical features, laboratory tes...

background and objectives: thyroid gland because of its superficial location is amenable to direct physical examination. clinical assessment of thyroid lesions by means of physical examination, thyroid scans and ultrasonography is not completely reliable. fine needle aspiration cytology (fnac) is the most cost-effective, safe and an initial diagnostic test in the pre-operative evaluation of thy...