in this literature, a combined method has been employed to simultaneously reducesmoke (soot) and oxide of nitrogen (nox) and maintain the performance parameters of dieselengine. this includes creating an air jet by designing an air-cell inside the piston body, advancedinjection timing and using cold exhaust gas recirculation. the tested engine was an mt4.244engine that worked as natural aspirat...

We describe two otherwise healthy subjects with many years sequelae due to lung aspiration. In both, diagnosis was delayed due to lack of history of aspiration. Recurrent pneumonia in the same segment in one, and migratory pneumonia in the other, could have suggested the diagnosis. Review of the literature shows that occult foreign body aspiration poses difficulties in diagnosis and that often ...

Introduction: Foreign-body (FB) aspiration in the airway of children is a life-threatening clinical situation responsible for many deaths each year. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different clinical presentations, methods of diagnosis, types and complications of FB inhalation in the pediatric age group.   Materials and Methods: The study included patients who presented with a def...

Since their discovery by Mandelbrot (The Fractal Geometry of Nature, Freeman, New York, 1977), fractals have experienced considerable success in quantifying the complex structure exhibited by many natural patterns and have captured the imaginations of scientists and artists alike. With ever-widening appeal, they have been referred to both as ‘‘fingerprints of nature’’ (Nature 399 (1999) 422) an...

We present a 67-year-old man who had undergone aortobifemoral synthetic graft surgery one year earlier. The patient experienced thrombosis of the graft nine months after the operation, and thrombectomy of the graft was planned. However, the patient refused to undergo repeat surgery for thrombus removal and was referred to our center for possible endovascular treatment. We treate...

SPIRATION is defined as the inhalation of oropharyngeal or gastric contents into the larynx and lower respiratory tract. 1,2 Several pulmonary syndromes may occur after aspiration, depending on the amount and nature of the aspirated material, the frequency of aspiration, and the host's response to the aspirated material. 2 Aspiration pneu-monitis (Mendelson's syndrome) is a chemical injury caus...

Fine needle aspiration biopsy is the most feasible, safe, and accurate diagnostic tool for thyroid nodule diagnosis. The development of a sinus tract between thyroid gland and the skin through needle tract after fine needle aspiration biopsy is an extremely uncommon phenomenon. In this paper, a 71-year-old man presenting with a swelling and discharge on the anterior neck wall was reported. Simi...

Lung aspiration disorders in bovines are invariably diagnosed as infectious aspiration pneumonias. There is a distinct differentiation between aspiration pneumonia and aspiration pneumonitis in humans that can be applied to bovines. The nature and quantity of the aspirate can result in differing pathogeneses which can require differing therapeutic approaches. Whilst blood gases were importa...