Life-history models for marine invertebrate larvae generally predict a dichotomy in egg size in different species: eggs should be either minimal in size or large enough to support development fully without larval feeding. This prediction is contradicted, however, by the empirical observation of wide, continuous variation in egg size between these extremes. The prediction of dichotomy rests on t...

A nonresonant femtosecond laser pulse, with an intensity of 10(13) Wcm(-2), vaporizes proteins and biomolecules intact, regardless of molecular structure, size or electronic structure for subsequent electrospray ionization and transfer into a mass spectrometer. Rapid, direct analysis from dried sample, aqueous solution and cellular material is demonstrated at atmospheric pressure using laser el...

Sea urchin egg fertilization requires the species-specific interaction of molecules on the sperm and egg surfaces. Previously, we isolated an extracellular, 70-kD glycosylated fragment of the S. purpuratus egg receptor for sperm by treating the eggs with lysylendoproteinase C (Foltz, K. R., and W. J. Lennarz. 1990. J. Cell Biol. 111:2951-2959). To characterize the receptor further, we have gene...

The diagnosis of vitelliform macular dystrophy can be made from fundus examination alone when the classical egg-yolk lesion is intact. After the lesion has scrambled, however, other information is needed to be certain of the diagnosis. The electrooculogram (EOG) has been reported abnormal in vitelliform macular dystrophy and has been called "an indispensable diagnostic element." This paper, how...

In this experiment, the effects of fennel and thyme extracts with and without flaxseed were investigated on performance and egg quality of Leghorn-type laying hens (Hy-Line W-36). 200 laying hens from 26 to 38 weeks of age were assigned to five dietary treatments with five replications. The treatment groups were: 1) Control (a diet without any additives); 2) control diet plus fennel (40 mg/kg f...

Light of wave lengths 0.30micro to 0.50micro, accelerates return of the cleavage rate of Arbacia eggs to normal, after delay by exposure to ultraviolet radiation (wave lengths 0.238micro to 0.31micro). Recovery is apparently complete. Wave lengths 0.30micro to 0.50micro have no effect on the cleavage rate of normal eggs, nor does such illumination previous to dosage with ultraviolet radiation i...

It has been suggested that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) may play a role in egg size/number trade-offs in oviparous vertebrates. We tested this hypothesis in an avian species by administering porcine FSH (pFSH) to intact, captive female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) during egg formation. We predicted that (1) pFSH would increase the number of ovarian follicles recruited into rapid yo...

The functional roles of the major visuo-motor pathways were studied in lamprey. Responses to eye illumination were video-recorded in intact and chronically lesioned animals. Postural deficits during spontaneous swimming were analyzed to elucidate the roles of the lesioned structures for steering and postural control. Eye illumination in intact lampreys evoked the dorsal light response, that is,...

Small ruminants are highly susceptible to infection with gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN), particularly Haemonchus contortus, a blood-feeder that can cause severe anemia and death losses in untreated animals. Anecdotal evidence has suggested short-term treatment of heavily infected animals Red Cell®, vitamin mineral supplement, combination anthelmintic drugs may reduce morbidity mortality. The ...

in this experiment, a total of 128 hy-line w36 hens at 63 weeks of age were used. the hens were put at random into 4 treatment groups (4 replicates and 32 hens per treatment) and were fed four different diets: three diets with different levels of spirulina (1.5, 2.0 and 2.5%) and one control group based on wheat and soybean meal. all birds were housed in commercial cages, had ad libitum access ...