background: the widespread use of toluene and its consequent adverse effects on health and specially its chronic effects on the central nervous system has resulted in many studies being carried out on the methods that can control and reduce toluene vapors in the airflow. the objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the catalytic ozonation process in the removal of toluene from ...

This paper reviews both heterotrophic and autotrophic processes for the removal of nitrate from water supplies. The most commonly used carbon sources in heterotrophic denitrification are methanol, ethanol and acetic acid. Process performance for each feed stock is compared with particular reference nitrate and nitrite residual and to toxicity potential. Autotrophic nitrate removal has the advan...

Proof of concept was obtained that Fe(0) can stoichiometrically reduce nitrate to ammonium and that cathodic hydrogen [produced during anaerobic Fe(0) corrosion by water] can sustain microbial denitrification to reduce nitrate to more innocuous products (i.e., N2O and N2). Autotrophic, denitrifying growth on Fe(0) was proven through the use of a dual-flask apparatus. Cathodic H2 from a flask co...

The potential of iron nanoparticles as adsorbents for water remediation has not been fully exploited because their intrinsically low stability. Herein, few-layered graphene-encapsulated ([email protected]0) supported on and within lignin-derived carbon were synthesized via an in-situ thermal conversion ferric nitrate-loaded kraft lignin, i.e., nitrate a Fe source lignin source. structure morpho...

Ideal bacterial support medium for fixed film denitrification processes/bioreactors must be inexpensive, durable and possess large surface area with sufficient porosity. The present study has been focussed on removing nitrate nitrogen at two different nitrate nitrogen loading rates (60 (NLR I) and 120 (NLR II) mg l(-1)) from simulated aquaculture wastewater. Coconut coir fibre and a commerciall...

Biochar has received increased attention in environmental applications recent years. Therefore, three pilot-scale denitrifying bioreactors, one filled with woodchips only and the other two enriched 10% 20% by volume of biochar from deciduous wood, were tested under field conditions for removal nitrate (NO3-N) phosphate (PO4-P) tile drainage water Lithuania over a 3-year period. The experiment s...

In this study, we evaluated the removal of nitrate from synthetic groundwater by a cathode followed by an anode electrode sequence in the electrochemical flow-through reactor. We also tested the feasibility of the applied electrode sequence to minimize the production of ammonia during the nitrate reduction. The performance of monometallic Fe, Cu, Ni, and carbon foam cathodes was tested under di...

This study aimed to assess ecological quality status of hard substratum macroinvertebrates communities of the Caspian Sea with three ecological indices and their relation with environmental factors. For this purpose benthic communities of the Caspian Sea basin were studied seasonally during 2014 in 8 sampling sites. Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrate, nitrite, silicate and pho...