BACKGROUND Changing trends demonstrate that women, in a number of economically-developed countries, are drinking at higher levels than ever before. Exploring key targets for intervention, this study examined the extent to which underlying beliefs in relation to alcohol consumption predicted intentions to drink in three different ways (i.e. low risk drinking, frequent drinking and binge drinking...

Human thinking is often biased by intuitive beliefs. Inhibition of these tempting beliefs is considered a key component of human thinking, but the process is poorly understood. In the present study we clarify the nature of an inhibition failure and the resulting belief bias by probing the accessibility of cued beliefs after people reasoned. Results indicated that even the poorest reasoners show...

BACKGROUND Little is known about factors influencing professionals' use of wikis. OBJECTIVE We developed and validated two questionnaires to assess health care professionals' intention to use wiki-based reminders for the management of trauma patients. METHODS We developed questionnaires for emergency physicians (EPs) and allied health professions (AHPs) based on the Theory of Planned Behavi...

Sternberg’s call for an educational focus on teaching wisdom can be viewed as part of a nascent trend to reorient educational psychology away from exclusive focus on the so-called algorithmic level of analysis. The thrust of his research program on wisdom, like those emphasizing rationality as a critical construct in educational psychology, is on aspects of cognition heretofore backgrounded: th...

In this discussion paper we are interested in the role of argumentation in the context of cognitive BDI and BOID agents, i.e., agents whose deliberation is based on beliefs, obligations, intentions and desires. We discuss argumentation issues for single agent deliberation, multiagent dialogues, and interaction between agents and their normative system. For each category we discuss examples and ...

Whether humans can accurately make decisions in line with Bayes' rule has been one of the most important yet contentious topics in cognitive psychology. Though a number of paradigms have been used for studying Bayesian updating, rarely have subjects been allowed to use their own preexisting beliefs about the prior and the likelihood. A study is reported in which physicians judged the posttest p...

Objectives Smoking is a significant public health issue in Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to examine peer smoking and smoking-related beliefs among college students in Bangladesh. Methods College students at two universities in Dhaka, Bangladesh participated in a self-administered survey in May and June 2017. Results First, being a current or former smoker is associated with lowe...

Abstract Guided by the theory of planned behaviour, we conducted an interview study to identify beliefs that potentially influence social-housing residents’ future behaviour with domestic low-carbon technology in retrofit housing. The included (group n = 6, individual interviews 14). Behavioural beliefs, normative and control were identified from participants’ answers using thematic analysis. F...