Travel time unreliability is an important characterization of transportation systems. The appropriate modeling and reporting of travel time reliability is crucial for individual travelers as well as management agencies. In this paper, a novel multi-state model is proposed for travel time modeling and reporting. The model advances travel time modeling in two aspects. First, the multi-state model...

We perform a two-dimensional inversion of f-mode travel times to determine near-surface solar flows. The inversion is based on optimally localized averaging of travel times. We use finite-wavelength travel-time sensitivity functions and a realistic model of the data errors. We find that it is possible to obtain a spatial resolution of 2 Mm. The error in the resulting flow estimate ultimately de...

This paper deals with the question how habits can be integrated into a model of normative decision-making based on the work of Schwartz and Howard (1981). A field study was conducted in Bochum, Germany, involving 160 participants. After a personal interview the participant had to protocol the travel mode choice on their trips to work in a logbook for the period of 4 weeks. The data illustrates ...

Understanding travel behavior is critical for an effective urban planning as well as for enabling various context-aware service provisions to support mobility as a service (MaaS). Both applications rely on the sensor traces generated by travellers' smartphones. These traces can be used to interpret travel modes, both for generating automated travel diaries as well as for real-time travel mode d...

Objective. This study investigated whether a change in mode of transport to school from non-cycling to cycling was associated with change in cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF) over a six-year follow-up. Methods. Participants were 384 children (9.7 (0.5) yr) who participated in the Danish arm of the European Youth Heart Study in 1997 and who were followed up six years later. CRF was assessed by a ...

The main objective of this article is to gain fundamental understanding on the effect of real time information acquisition, on the traffic conditions of the Athens greater area. Activity scheduling is a dynamic process, where individuals often need to modify their schedule, as a result of new insights. Research so far hasn't analyzed the effect of traffic information acquisition, in activity sc...

BACKGROUND Access to transportation is vital to reducing the travel time to emergency obstetric and neonatal care (EmONC) for managing complications and preventing adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study examines the distribution of travel times to EmONC in Kigoma Region, Tanzania, using various transportation schemes, to estimate the proportion of live births (a proxy indicator of w...