Recently, we derived an improved universal upper bound to the entropy of a charged system S ≤ π(2Eb − q 2)/¯ h. There was, however, some uncertainty in the value of the numerical factor which multiplies the q 2 term. In this paper we remove this uncertainty; we rederive this upper bound from an application of the generalized second law of thermodynamics to a gedanken experiment in which an entr...

Recently, we derived an improved universal upper bound to the entropy of a charged system S ≤ π(2Eb − q 2)/¯ h. There was, however, some uncertainty in the value of the numerical factor which multiply the q 2 term. In this paper we remove this uncertainty; we rederive this upper bound from an application of the generalized second law of thermodynamics to a gedanken experiment in which an entrop...

In this research, firms aim at maximizing two purposes of social welfare (environment) and profitability in the supply chain system. It is assumed that there are two supply chains, a green and an ordinary, each consists of a manufacturer and a supplier; in which the manufacturer generates profit through franchises. The green and the ordinary manufacturers form a cartel on the market of a certai...

We introduce a class of Schur type functions associated with polynomial sequences of binomial type. This can be regarded as a generalization of the ordinary Schur functions and the factorial Schur functions. This generalization satisfies some interesting expansion formulas, in which there is a curious duality. Moreover this class includes examples which are useful to describe the eigenvalues of...

in the last few years, medical education policy makers have expressed concern about changes in the ethical attitude and behavior of medical trainees during the course of their education. they claim that newly graduated physicians (mds) are entering residency years with inappropriate habits and attitudes earned during their education. this allegation has been supported by numerous research on th...

Road transport is a ubiquitous source of lead contamination in the soil near highways with direct and indirect impacts on human health. Accumulation of traffic-induced lead in the soils depends on gasoline lead content, traffic volume, as well as meteorological conditions. To evaluate the effect of traffic on soil lead concentration, 113 samples from the topsoil (0-15 cm) were collected in a re...